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Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells

We have found that MLC-dependent activation of myosin IIB in migrating cells is required to form an extended rear, which coincides with increased directional migration. Activated myosin IIB localizes prominently at the cell rear and produces large, stable actin filament bundles and adhesions, which...

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Autores principales: Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel, Koach, Margaret A., Whitmore, Leanna, Lamers, Marcelo L., Horwitz, Alan F.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2575793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18955554
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200806030
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author Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel
Koach, Margaret A.
Whitmore, Leanna
Lamers, Marcelo L.
Horwitz, Alan F.
author_facet Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel
Koach, Margaret A.
Whitmore, Leanna
Lamers, Marcelo L.
Horwitz, Alan F.
author_sort Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel
collection PubMed
description We have found that MLC-dependent activation of myosin IIB in migrating cells is required to form an extended rear, which coincides with increased directional migration. Activated myosin IIB localizes prominently at the cell rear and produces large, stable actin filament bundles and adhesions, which locally inhibit protrusion and define the morphology of the tail. Myosin IIA forms de novo filaments away from the myosin IIB–enriched center and back to form regions that support protrusion. The positioning and dynamics of myosin IIA and IIB depend on the self-assembly regions in their coiled-coil C terminus. COS7 and B16 melanoma cells lack myosin IIA and IIB, respectively; and show isoform-specific front-back polarity in migrating cells. These studies demonstrate the role of MLC activation and myosin isoforms in creating a cell rear, the segregation of isoforms during filament assembly and their differential effects on adhesion and protrusion, and a key role for the noncontractile region of the isoforms in determining their localization and function.
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spelling pubmed-25757932009-05-03 Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel Koach, Margaret A. Whitmore, Leanna Lamers, Marcelo L. Horwitz, Alan F. J Cell Biol Research Articles We have found that MLC-dependent activation of myosin IIB in migrating cells is required to form an extended rear, which coincides with increased directional migration. Activated myosin IIB localizes prominently at the cell rear and produces large, stable actin filament bundles and adhesions, which locally inhibit protrusion and define the morphology of the tail. Myosin IIA forms de novo filaments away from the myosin IIB–enriched center and back to form regions that support protrusion. The positioning and dynamics of myosin IIA and IIB depend on the self-assembly regions in their coiled-coil C terminus. COS7 and B16 melanoma cells lack myosin IIA and IIB, respectively; and show isoform-specific front-back polarity in migrating cells. These studies demonstrate the role of MLC activation and myosin isoforms in creating a cell rear, the segregation of isoforms during filament assembly and their differential effects on adhesion and protrusion, and a key role for the noncontractile region of the isoforms in determining their localization and function. The Rockefeller University Press 2008-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC2575793/ /pubmed/18955554 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200806030 Text en © 2008 Vicente-Manzanares et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jcb.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
spellingShingle Research Articles
Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel
Koach, Margaret A.
Whitmore, Leanna
Lamers, Marcelo L.
Horwitz, Alan F.
Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title_full Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title_fullStr Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title_full_unstemmed Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title_short Segregation and activation of myosin IIB creates a rear in migrating cells
title_sort segregation and activation of myosin iib creates a rear in migrating cells
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2575793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18955554
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200806030
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