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Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review

The term ‘emphysema’ is generally used in a morphological sense, and therefore imaging modalities have an important role in diagnosing this disease. In particular, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable tool for demonstrating the pathology of emphysema, even in subtle changes withi...

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Autores principales: Takahashi, Masashi, Fukuoka, Junya, Nitta, Norihisa, Takazakura, Ryutaro, Nagatani, Yukihiro, Murakami, Yoko, Otani, Hideji, Murata, Kiyoshi
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2629965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18686729
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author Takahashi, Masashi
Fukuoka, Junya
Nitta, Norihisa
Takazakura, Ryutaro
Nagatani, Yukihiro
Murakami, Yoko
Otani, Hideji
Murata, Kiyoshi
author_facet Takahashi, Masashi
Fukuoka, Junya
Nitta, Norihisa
Takazakura, Ryutaro
Nagatani, Yukihiro
Murakami, Yoko
Otani, Hideji
Murata, Kiyoshi
author_sort Takahashi, Masashi
collection PubMed
description The term ‘emphysema’ is generally used in a morphological sense, and therefore imaging modalities have an important role in diagnosing this disease. In particular, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable tool for demonstrating the pathology of emphysema, even in subtle changes within secondary pulmonary lobules. Generally, pulmonary emphysema is classified into three types related to the lobular anatomy: centrilobular emphysema, panlobular emphysema, and paraseptal emphysema. In this pictorial review, we discuss the radiological – pathological correlation in each type of pulmonary emphysema. HRCT of early centrilobular emphysema shows an evenly distributed centrilobular tiny areas of low attenuation with ill-defined borders. With enlargement of the dilated airspace, the surrounding lung parenchyma is compressed, which enables observation of a clear border between the emphysematous area and the normal lung. Because the disease progresses from the centrilobular portion, normal lung parenchyma in the perilobular portion tends to be preserved, even in a case of far-advanced pulmonary emphysema. In panlobular emphysema, HRCT shows either panlobular low attenuation or ill-defined diffuse low attenuation of the lung. Paraseptal emphysema is characterized by subpleural well-defined cystic spaces. Recent topics related to imaging of pulmonary emphysema will also be discussed, including morphometry of the airway in cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, combined pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary emphysema, and bronchogenic carcinoma associated with bullous lung disease.
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spelling pubmed-26299652009-05-04 Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review Takahashi, Masashi Fukuoka, Junya Nitta, Norihisa Takazakura, Ryutaro Nagatani, Yukihiro Murakami, Yoko Otani, Hideji Murata, Kiyoshi Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis Reviews The term ‘emphysema’ is generally used in a morphological sense, and therefore imaging modalities have an important role in diagnosing this disease. In particular, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable tool for demonstrating the pathology of emphysema, even in subtle changes within secondary pulmonary lobules. Generally, pulmonary emphysema is classified into three types related to the lobular anatomy: centrilobular emphysema, panlobular emphysema, and paraseptal emphysema. In this pictorial review, we discuss the radiological – pathological correlation in each type of pulmonary emphysema. HRCT of early centrilobular emphysema shows an evenly distributed centrilobular tiny areas of low attenuation with ill-defined borders. With enlargement of the dilated airspace, the surrounding lung parenchyma is compressed, which enables observation of a clear border between the emphysematous area and the normal lung. Because the disease progresses from the centrilobular portion, normal lung parenchyma in the perilobular portion tends to be preserved, even in a case of far-advanced pulmonary emphysema. In panlobular emphysema, HRCT shows either panlobular low attenuation or ill-defined diffuse low attenuation of the lung. Paraseptal emphysema is characterized by subpleural well-defined cystic spaces. Recent topics related to imaging of pulmonary emphysema will also be discussed, including morphometry of the airway in cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, combined pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary emphysema, and bronchogenic carcinoma associated with bullous lung disease. Dove Medical Press 2008-06 2008-06 /pmc/articles/PMC2629965/ /pubmed/18686729 Text en © 2008 Dove Medical Press Limited. All rights reserved
spellingShingle Reviews
Takahashi, Masashi
Fukuoka, Junya
Nitta, Norihisa
Takazakura, Ryutaro
Nagatani, Yukihiro
Murakami, Yoko
Otani, Hideji
Murata, Kiyoshi
Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title_full Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title_fullStr Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title_full_unstemmed Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title_short Imaging of pulmonary emphysema: A pictorial review
title_sort imaging of pulmonary emphysema: a pictorial review
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2629965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18686729
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