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Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery

Despite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Veldhoen, Sandra, Laufer, Sandra D., Restle, Tobias
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2635728/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms9071276
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author Veldhoen, Sandra
Laufer, Sandra D.
Restle, Tobias
author_facet Veldhoen, Sandra
Laufer, Sandra D.
Restle, Tobias
author_sort Veldhoen, Sandra
collection PubMed
description Despite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers, branched dendrimers, cationic liposomes and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). The latter represent an assortment of fairly unrelated sequences essentially characterised by a high content of basic amino acids and a length of 10–30 residues. CPPs are capable of mediating the cellular uptake of hydrophilic macromolecules like peptides and nucleic acids (e.g. siRNAs, aptamers and antisense-oligonucleotides), which are internalised by cells at a very low rate when applied alone. Up to now, numerous sequences have been reported to show cell-penetrating properties and many of them have been used to successfully transport a variety of different cargos into mammalian cells. In recent years, it has become apparent that endocytosis is a major route of internalisation even though the mechanisms underlying the cellular translocation of CPPs are poorly understood and still subject to controversial discussions. In this review, we will summarise the latest developments in peptide-based cellular delivery of nucleic acid cargos. We will discuss different mechanisms of entry, the intracellular fate of the cargo, correlation studies of uptake versus biological activity of the cargo as well as technical problems and pitfalls.
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spelling pubmed-26357282009-03-25 Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery Veldhoen, Sandra Laufer, Sandra D. Restle, Tobias Int J Mol Sci Review Despite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers, branched dendrimers, cationic liposomes and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). The latter represent an assortment of fairly unrelated sequences essentially characterised by a high content of basic amino acids and a length of 10–30 residues. CPPs are capable of mediating the cellular uptake of hydrophilic macromolecules like peptides and nucleic acids (e.g. siRNAs, aptamers and antisense-oligonucleotides), which are internalised by cells at a very low rate when applied alone. Up to now, numerous sequences have been reported to show cell-penetrating properties and many of them have been used to successfully transport a variety of different cargos into mammalian cells. In recent years, it has become apparent that endocytosis is a major route of internalisation even though the mechanisms underlying the cellular translocation of CPPs are poorly understood and still subject to controversial discussions. In this review, we will summarise the latest developments in peptide-based cellular delivery of nucleic acid cargos. We will discuss different mechanisms of entry, the intracellular fate of the cargo, correlation studies of uptake versus biological activity of the cargo as well as technical problems and pitfalls. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2008-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC2635728/ /pubmed/19325804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms9071276 Text en © 2008 by MDPI
spellingShingle Review
Veldhoen, Sandra
Laufer, Sandra D.
Restle, Tobias
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title_full Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title_fullStr Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title_full_unstemmed Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title_short Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
title_sort recent developments in peptide-based nucleic acid delivery
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2635728/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms9071276
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