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Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population

PURPOSE: To compare the prevalence of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban south Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four thousand eight hundred subjects (age >39 years) each from rural and urban Tamil Nadu were enumerated for a population-based s...

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Autores principales: Prema, Raju, George, Ronnie, Sathyamangalam Ve, Ramesh, Hemamalini, Arvind, Baskaran, Mani, Kumaramanickavel, Govindaswamy, Catherine, McCarty, Vijaya, Lingam
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18292625
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author Prema, Raju
George, Ronnie
Sathyamangalam Ve, Ramesh
Hemamalini, Arvind
Baskaran, Mani
Kumaramanickavel, Govindaswamy
Catherine, McCarty
Vijaya, Lingam
author_facet Prema, Raju
George, Ronnie
Sathyamangalam Ve, Ramesh
Hemamalini, Arvind
Baskaran, Mani
Kumaramanickavel, Govindaswamy
Catherine, McCarty
Vijaya, Lingam
author_sort Prema, Raju
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To compare the prevalence of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban south Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four thousand eight hundred subjects (age >39 years) each from rural and urban Tamil Nadu were enumerated for a population-based study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), objective and subjective refraction. Out of 3924 rural responders 63.91% and out of 3850 urban responders 81.64% were phakic in the right eye with BCVA of 20/40 or better and were included in the study. Association of spectacle use and refractive errors with different parameters were analysed using logistic regression. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi square, t test, Chi square for trend and Pearson′s correlation coefficient were used for analysis. RESULTS: Spectacle use was significantly higher and positively associated with literacy and employment in the urban population. The age and gender-adjusted prevalence of emmetropia, myopia of spherical equivalent (SE) ≤-0.50 diopter sphere (DS), high myopia (SE ≤-5.00DS), hyperopia (SE >0.50DS) and astigmatism ≤ 0.50 diopter cylinder (DC) were 46.8%, 31.0%, 4.3%, 17.9% and 60.4% respectively in the rural population and 29.0%, 17.6%, 1.5%, 51.9%, 59.1% respectively in the urban population. The prevalence of emmetropia decreased with age (p < 0.001); prevalence of myopia and high myopia increased with age (p = 0.001) and were associated with nuclear sclerosis (p = 0.001) in both populations. Hyperopia was commoner among women than men (p = 0.001); was positively associated with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.008) in the rural population and negatively with nuclear sclerosis (p = 0.001) in both populations. CONCLUSION: Spectacle use was found to be significantly lower in the rural population. The pattern of refractive errors was significantly different between both populations.
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spelling pubmed-26360782009-02-10 Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population Prema, Raju George, Ronnie Sathyamangalam Ve, Ramesh Hemamalini, Arvind Baskaran, Mani Kumaramanickavel, Govindaswamy Catherine, McCarty Vijaya, Lingam Indian J Ophthalmol Community Eye Care PURPOSE: To compare the prevalence of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban south Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four thousand eight hundred subjects (age >39 years) each from rural and urban Tamil Nadu were enumerated for a population-based study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), objective and subjective refraction. Out of 3924 rural responders 63.91% and out of 3850 urban responders 81.64% were phakic in the right eye with BCVA of 20/40 or better and were included in the study. Association of spectacle use and refractive errors with different parameters were analysed using logistic regression. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Chi square, t test, Chi square for trend and Pearson′s correlation coefficient were used for analysis. RESULTS: Spectacle use was significantly higher and positively associated with literacy and employment in the urban population. The age and gender-adjusted prevalence of emmetropia, myopia of spherical equivalent (SE) ≤-0.50 diopter sphere (DS), high myopia (SE ≤-5.00DS), hyperopia (SE >0.50DS) and astigmatism ≤ 0.50 diopter cylinder (DC) were 46.8%, 31.0%, 4.3%, 17.9% and 60.4% respectively in the rural population and 29.0%, 17.6%, 1.5%, 51.9%, 59.1% respectively in the urban population. The prevalence of emmetropia decreased with age (p < 0.001); prevalence of myopia and high myopia increased with age (p = 0.001) and were associated with nuclear sclerosis (p = 0.001) in both populations. Hyperopia was commoner among women than men (p = 0.001); was positively associated with diabetes mellitus (p = 0.008) in the rural population and negatively with nuclear sclerosis (p = 0.001) in both populations. CONCLUSION: Spectacle use was found to be significantly lower in the rural population. The pattern of refractive errors was significantly different between both populations. Medknow Publications 2008 /pmc/articles/PMC2636078/ /pubmed/18292625 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Ophthalmology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Community Eye Care
Prema, Raju
George, Ronnie
Sathyamangalam Ve, Ramesh
Hemamalini, Arvind
Baskaran, Mani
Kumaramanickavel, Govindaswamy
Catherine, McCarty
Vijaya, Lingam
Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title_full Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title_fullStr Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title_short Comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban South Indian population
title_sort comparison of refractive errors and factors associated with spectacle use in a rural and urban south indian population
topic Community Eye Care
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18292625
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