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Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life

OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHO...

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Autores principales: Kaijser, Magnus, Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin, Akre, Olof, Cnattingius, Sven, Granath, Fredrik, Norman, Mikael, Ekbom, Anders
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Diabetes Association 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066311
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-0558
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author Kaijser, Magnus
Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin
Akre, Olof
Cnattingius, Sven
Granath, Fredrik
Norman, Mikael
Ekbom, Anders
author_facet Kaijser, Magnus
Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin
Akre, Olof
Cnattingius, Sven
Granath, Fredrik
Norman, Mikael
Ekbom, Anders
author_sort Kaijser, Magnus
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. RESULTS—During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. CONCLUSIONS—Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age.
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spelling pubmed-26460492010-03-01 Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life Kaijser, Magnus Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin Akre, Olof Cnattingius, Sven Granath, Fredrik Norman, Mikael Ekbom, Anders Diabetes New Methodologies and Databases OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight is consistently associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, but the individual contributions from poor fetal growth and preterm birth are not known. We therefore investigated the significance of these two factors separately. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We identified a cohort of subjects born preterm or with low birth weight at term at four major delivery units in Sweden from 1925 through 1949. A comparison cohort of subjects was identified from the same source population. Of 6,425 subjects in all, 2,931 were born at <37 weeks of gestation and 2,176 had a birth weight <2,500 g. Disease occurrence among participants was assessed through nationwide hospital registers from 1987 through 2006. RESULTS—During follow-up, there were 508 cases of diabetes. Low birth weight was strongly negatively associated with risk of diabetes (P for trend <0.0001). Both short gestational duration and poor fetal growth were associated with later diabetes (P for trend <0.0001 and <0.0004, respectively). Very preterm birth (≤32 weeks of gestation at birth) was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.67 (95% CI 1.33–2.11) compared with term birth. Birth weights below 2 SDs of mean birth weight for gestational age were associated with an HR of 1.76 (1.30–2.38) compared with birth weights between the mean weight and the weight at 1 SD above the mean. CONCLUSIONS—Our results suggest that the association between low birth weight and diabetes is due to factors associated with both poor fetal growth and short gestational age. American Diabetes Association 2009-03 /pmc/articles/PMC2646049/ /pubmed/19066311 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-0558 Text en Copyright © 2009, American Diabetes Association Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
spellingShingle New Methodologies and Databases
Kaijser, Magnus
Edstedt Bonamy, Anna-Karin
Akre, Olof
Cnattingius, Sven
Granath, Fredrik
Norman, Mikael
Ekbom, Anders
Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title_full Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title_fullStr Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title_full_unstemmed Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title_short Perinatal Risk Factors for Diabetes in Later Life
title_sort perinatal risk factors for diabetes in later life
topic New Methodologies and Databases
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066311
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-0558
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