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The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain
BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have shown practice-dependent structural alterations in humans. Cross-sectional studies of intensive practice of specific tasks suggest associated long-term structural adaptations. Playing golf at a high level of performance is one of the most demanding sporting ac...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2009
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2650782/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19277116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004785 |
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author | Jäncke, Lutz Koeneke, Susan Hoppe, Ariana Rominger, Christina Hänggi, Jürgen |
author_facet | Jäncke, Lutz Koeneke, Susan Hoppe, Ariana Rominger, Christina Hänggi, Jürgen |
author_sort | Jäncke, Lutz |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have shown practice-dependent structural alterations in humans. Cross-sectional studies of intensive practice of specific tasks suggest associated long-term structural adaptations. Playing golf at a high level of performance is one of the most demanding sporting activities. In this study, we report the relationship between a particular level of proficiency in playing golf (indicated by golf handicap level) and specific neuroanatomical features. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes and fractional anisotropy (FA) measures of the fibre tracts, we identified differences between skilled (professional golfers and golfers with an handicap from 1–14) and less-skilled golfers (golfers with an handicap from 15–36 and non-golfer). Larger GM volumes were found in skilled golfers in a fronto-parietal network including premotor and parietal areas. Skilled golfers revealed smaller WM volume and FA values in the vicinity of the corticospinal tract at the level of the internal and external capsule and in the parietal operculum. However, there was no structural difference within the skilled and less-skilled golfer group. CONCLUSION: There is no linear relationship between the anatomical findings and handicap level, amount of practice, and practice hours per year. There was however a strong difference between highly-practiced golfers (at least 800–3,000 hours) and those who have practised less or non-golfers without any golfing practise, thus indicating a step-wise structural and not a linear change. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2650782 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2009 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-26507822009-03-11 The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain Jäncke, Lutz Koeneke, Susan Hoppe, Ariana Rominger, Christina Hänggi, Jürgen PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have shown practice-dependent structural alterations in humans. Cross-sectional studies of intensive practice of specific tasks suggest associated long-term structural adaptations. Playing golf at a high level of performance is one of the most demanding sporting activities. In this study, we report the relationship between a particular level of proficiency in playing golf (indicated by golf handicap level) and specific neuroanatomical features. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes and fractional anisotropy (FA) measures of the fibre tracts, we identified differences between skilled (professional golfers and golfers with an handicap from 1–14) and less-skilled golfers (golfers with an handicap from 15–36 and non-golfer). Larger GM volumes were found in skilled golfers in a fronto-parietal network including premotor and parietal areas. Skilled golfers revealed smaller WM volume and FA values in the vicinity of the corticospinal tract at the level of the internal and external capsule and in the parietal operculum. However, there was no structural difference within the skilled and less-skilled golfer group. CONCLUSION: There is no linear relationship between the anatomical findings and handicap level, amount of practice, and practice hours per year. There was however a strong difference between highly-practiced golfers (at least 800–3,000 hours) and those who have practised less or non-golfers without any golfing practise, thus indicating a step-wise structural and not a linear change. Public Library of Science 2009-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC2650782/ /pubmed/19277116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004785 Text en Jancke et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Jäncke, Lutz Koeneke, Susan Hoppe, Ariana Rominger, Christina Hänggi, Jürgen The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title | The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title_full | The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title_fullStr | The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title_full_unstemmed | The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title_short | The Architecture of the Golfer's Brain |
title_sort | architecture of the golfer's brain |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2650782/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19277116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004785 |
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