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The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration

Chilling injury (CI) symptoms in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. In cvs Ettinger and Arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and...

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Autores principales: Hershkovitz, Vera, Friedman, Haya, Goldschmidt, Eliezer E., Pesis, Edna
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196750
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern328
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author Hershkovitz, Vera
Friedman, Haya
Goldschmidt, Eliezer E.
Pesis, Edna
author_facet Hershkovitz, Vera
Friedman, Haya
Goldschmidt, Eliezer E.
Pesis, Edna
author_sort Hershkovitz, Vera
collection PubMed
description Chilling injury (CI) symptoms in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. In cvs Ettinger and Arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and was induced by ethylene treatment in seeded avocado fruit. However, ethylene did not increase mesocarp discoloration in seedless fruit stored at 5 °C. Application of ethylene to whole fruit induced embryo development inside the seed. It also induced seedling elongation when seeds were imbibed separately. Persea americana ethylene receptor (PaETR) gene expression and polyphenol oxidase activity were highest close to the base of the seed and decreased gradually toward the blossom end. By contrast, expressions of PaETR transcript and polyphenol oxidase activity in seedless avocado fruit were similar throughout the pulp at the base of the fruit. Application of the ethylene inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene, decreased mesocarp browning, embryo development, seedling growth, and ion leakage, and down-regulated polyphenol oxidase activity. The results demonstrate that ethylene-mediated embryo growth in whole fruit is involved in the mesocarp response to ethylene perception and the development of CI disorders.
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spelling pubmed-26520532009-04-02 The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration Hershkovitz, Vera Friedman, Haya Goldschmidt, Eliezer E. Pesis, Edna J Exp Bot Research Papers Chilling injury (CI) symptoms in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. In cvs Ettinger and Arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and was induced by ethylene treatment in seeded avocado fruit. However, ethylene did not increase mesocarp discoloration in seedless fruit stored at 5 °C. Application of ethylene to whole fruit induced embryo development inside the seed. It also induced seedling elongation when seeds were imbibed separately. Persea americana ethylene receptor (PaETR) gene expression and polyphenol oxidase activity were highest close to the base of the seed and decreased gradually toward the blossom end. By contrast, expressions of PaETR transcript and polyphenol oxidase activity in seedless avocado fruit were similar throughout the pulp at the base of the fruit. Application of the ethylene inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene, decreased mesocarp browning, embryo development, seedling growth, and ion leakage, and down-regulated polyphenol oxidase activity. The results demonstrate that ethylene-mediated embryo growth in whole fruit is involved in the mesocarp response to ethylene perception and the development of CI disorders. Oxford University Press 2009-03 /pmc/articles/PMC2652053/ /pubmed/19196750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern328 Text en © 2009 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details)
spellingShingle Research Papers
Hershkovitz, Vera
Friedman, Haya
Goldschmidt, Eliezer E.
Pesis, Edna
The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title_full The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title_fullStr The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title_full_unstemmed The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title_short The role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
title_sort role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration
topic Research Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196750
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern328
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