Cargando…

Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism differ in adipocytes between different fat depots of male and female mice and how sex steroids contribute to these differences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Adipocytes from intra-abdominal/perigonadal (PG) and subcutaneous (SC)...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Macotela, Yazmin, Boucher, Jeremie, Tran, Thien T., Kahn, C. Ronald
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Diabetes Association 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661589/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19136652
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-1054
_version_ 1782165813210382336
author Macotela, Yazmin
Boucher, Jeremie
Tran, Thien T.
Kahn, C. Ronald
author_facet Macotela, Yazmin
Boucher, Jeremie
Tran, Thien T.
Kahn, C. Ronald
author_sort Macotela, Yazmin
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To investigate how insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism differ in adipocytes between different fat depots of male and female mice and how sex steroids contribute to these differences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Adipocytes from intra-abdominal/perigonadal (PG) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue from normal, castrated, or steroid-implanted animals were isolated and analyzed for differences in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. RESULTS: Adipocytes from both PG and SC depots of females have increased lipogenic rates compared with those from males. In females, intra-abdominal PG adipocytes are more insulin-sensitive than SC adipocytes and more insulin-sensitive than male adipocytes from either depot. When stimulated by low physiological concentrations of insulin, female PG adipocytes show a robust increase in Akt and extracellular signal–related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and lipogenesis, whereas male adipocytes show activation only at higher insulin concentrations. Adipocytes from females have higher mRNA/protein levels of several genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. After castration, adipocytes of male mice showed increased insulin sensitivity and increased lipogenic rates, whereas adipocytes of females demonstrate decreased lipid production. Increasing estrogen above physiological levels, however, also reduced lipid synthesis in females, whereas increasing dihydrotestosterone in males had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: There are major sex differences in insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, particularly in the intra-abdominal depot, that are regulated by physiological levels of sex steroids. The increased sensitivity to insulin and lipogenesis observed in adipocytes from females may account for their lower level of insulin resistance and diabetes risk despite similar or higher fat content than in males.
format Text
id pubmed-2661589
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2009
publisher American Diabetes Association
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-26615892010-04-01 Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism Macotela, Yazmin Boucher, Jeremie Tran, Thien T. Kahn, C. Ronald Diabetes Original Article OBJECTIVE: To investigate how insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism differ in adipocytes between different fat depots of male and female mice and how sex steroids contribute to these differences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Adipocytes from intra-abdominal/perigonadal (PG) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue from normal, castrated, or steroid-implanted animals were isolated and analyzed for differences in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. RESULTS: Adipocytes from both PG and SC depots of females have increased lipogenic rates compared with those from males. In females, intra-abdominal PG adipocytes are more insulin-sensitive than SC adipocytes and more insulin-sensitive than male adipocytes from either depot. When stimulated by low physiological concentrations of insulin, female PG adipocytes show a robust increase in Akt and extracellular signal–related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and lipogenesis, whereas male adipocytes show activation only at higher insulin concentrations. Adipocytes from females have higher mRNA/protein levels of several genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. After castration, adipocytes of male mice showed increased insulin sensitivity and increased lipogenic rates, whereas adipocytes of females demonstrate decreased lipid production. Increasing estrogen above physiological levels, however, also reduced lipid synthesis in females, whereas increasing dihydrotestosterone in males had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: There are major sex differences in insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, particularly in the intra-abdominal depot, that are regulated by physiological levels of sex steroids. The increased sensitivity to insulin and lipogenesis observed in adipocytes from females may account for their lower level of insulin resistance and diabetes risk despite similar or higher fat content than in males. American Diabetes Association 2009-04 2009-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC2661589/ /pubmed/19136652 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-1054 Text en © 2009 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
spellingShingle Original Article
Macotela, Yazmin
Boucher, Jeremie
Tran, Thien T.
Kahn, C. Ronald
Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title_full Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title_fullStr Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title_short Sex and Depot Differences in Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism
title_sort sex and depot differences in adipocyte insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2661589/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19136652
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db08-1054
work_keys_str_mv AT macotelayazmin sexanddepotdifferencesinadipocyteinsulinsensitivityandglucosemetabolism
AT boucherjeremie sexanddepotdifferencesinadipocyteinsulinsensitivityandglucosemetabolism
AT tranthient sexanddepotdifferencesinadipocyteinsulinsensitivityandglucosemetabolism
AT kahncronald sexanddepotdifferencesinadipocyteinsulinsensitivityandglucosemetabolism