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Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside

Sepsis is a syndrome related to severe infections. It is defined as the systemic host response to microorganisms in previously sterile tissues and is characterized by end-organ dysfunction away from the primary site of infection. The normal host response to infection is complex and aims to identify...

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Autores principales: Silva, Eliézer, Passos, Rogério Da Hora, Ferri, Maurício Beller, de Figueiredo, Luiz Francisco Poli
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2664172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18297215
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author Silva, Eliézer
Passos, Rogério Da Hora
Ferri, Maurício Beller
de Figueiredo, Luiz Francisco Poli
author_facet Silva, Eliézer
Passos, Rogério Da Hora
Ferri, Maurício Beller
de Figueiredo, Luiz Francisco Poli
author_sort Silva, Eliézer
collection PubMed
description Sepsis is a syndrome related to severe infections. It is defined as the systemic host response to microorganisms in previously sterile tissues and is characterized by end-organ dysfunction away from the primary site of infection. The normal host response to infection is complex and aims to identify and control pathogen invasion, as well as to start immediate tissue repair. Both the cellular and humoral immune systems are activated, giving rise to both anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses. The chain of events that leads to sepsis is derived from the exacerbation of these mechanisms, promoting massive liberation of mediators and the progression of multiple organ dysfunction. Despite increasing knowledge about the pathophysiological pathways and processes involved in sepsis, morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high. A large number of immunomodulatory agents have been studied in experimental and clinical settings in an attempt to find an efficacious anti-inflammatory drug that reduces mortality. Even though preclinical results had been promising, the vast majority of these trials actually showed little success in reducing the overwhelmingly high mortality rate of septic shock patients as compared with that of other critically ill intensive care unit patients. Clinical management usually begins with prompt recognition, determination of the probable infection site, early administration of antibiotics, and resuscitation protocols based on “early-goal” directed therapy. In this review, we address the research efforts that have been targeting risk factor identification, including genetics, pathophysiological mechanisms and strategies to recognize and treat these patients as early as possible.
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spelling pubmed-26641722009-05-13 Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside Silva, Eliézer Passos, Rogério Da Hora Ferri, Maurício Beller de Figueiredo, Luiz Francisco Poli Clinics Review Sepsis is a syndrome related to severe infections. It is defined as the systemic host response to microorganisms in previously sterile tissues and is characterized by end-organ dysfunction away from the primary site of infection. The normal host response to infection is complex and aims to identify and control pathogen invasion, as well as to start immediate tissue repair. Both the cellular and humoral immune systems are activated, giving rise to both anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses. The chain of events that leads to sepsis is derived from the exacerbation of these mechanisms, promoting massive liberation of mediators and the progression of multiple organ dysfunction. Despite increasing knowledge about the pathophysiological pathways and processes involved in sepsis, morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high. A large number of immunomodulatory agents have been studied in experimental and clinical settings in an attempt to find an efficacious anti-inflammatory drug that reduces mortality. Even though preclinical results had been promising, the vast majority of these trials actually showed little success in reducing the overwhelmingly high mortality rate of septic shock patients as compared with that of other critically ill intensive care unit patients. Clinical management usually begins with prompt recognition, determination of the probable infection site, early administration of antibiotics, and resuscitation protocols based on “early-goal” directed therapy. In this review, we address the research efforts that have been targeting risk factor identification, including genetics, pathophysiological mechanisms and strategies to recognize and treat these patients as early as possible. Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo 2008-02 /pmc/articles/PMC2664172/ /pubmed/18297215 Text en Copyright © 2008 Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP
spellingShingle Review
Silva, Eliézer
Passos, Rogério Da Hora
Ferri, Maurício Beller
de Figueiredo, Luiz Francisco Poli
Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title_full Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title_fullStr Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title_full_unstemmed Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title_short Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside
title_sort sepsis: from bench to bedside
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2664172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18297215
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