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Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A cooperative patient is essential in maintaining stone targeting for optimal fragmentation during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate analgesic with minimal adverse effects. The guidelines for pain management during ES...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gupta, Narmada P., Kumar, Anup
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684259/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468389
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author Gupta, Narmada P.
Kumar, Anup
author_facet Gupta, Narmada P.
Kumar, Anup
author_sort Gupta, Narmada P.
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A cooperative patient is essential in maintaining stone targeting for optimal fragmentation during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate analgesic with minimal adverse effects. The guidelines for pain management during ESWL have not been established. CURRENT STATUS: Various analgesic agents including opioids (morphine, pethidine, and fentanyl), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS - diclofenac, propofol, ketorolac, and piroxicam), local anesthetic agents and a number of combinations have been used during ESWL by various techniques (general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, subcutaneous and intravenous injections, patient-controlled analgesia, and monitored anesthesia care). Cutaneous creams like eutectic mixture of local anesthesia (EMLA) whether used alone or in combination with oral NSAIDS have also been used and are able to reduce analgesic requirements. Topical application of a combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and lidocaine has also been found to be effective. CONCLUSION: The ideal analgesic, offering optimal pain control, minimal side effects, and cost-effectiveness is still elusive. Opioids administered using various techniques, provide effective analgesia, but require active monitoring of patient for potential adverse effects. Combination therapy (oral NSAID and occlusive dressing of EMLA, DMSO with lidocaine) offers an effective alternative mode for achieving analgesia with minimal morbidity. This therapy avoids the need for general anesthesia, injectable analgesics, and opioids along with their side effects.
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spelling pubmed-26842592009-05-22 Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status Gupta, Narmada P. Kumar, Anup Indian J Urol Review Article PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A cooperative patient is essential in maintaining stone targeting for optimal fragmentation during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate analgesic with minimal adverse effects. The guidelines for pain management during ESWL have not been established. CURRENT STATUS: Various analgesic agents including opioids (morphine, pethidine, and fentanyl), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS - diclofenac, propofol, ketorolac, and piroxicam), local anesthetic agents and a number of combinations have been used during ESWL by various techniques (general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, subcutaneous and intravenous injections, patient-controlled analgesia, and monitored anesthesia care). Cutaneous creams like eutectic mixture of local anesthesia (EMLA) whether used alone or in combination with oral NSAIDS have also been used and are able to reduce analgesic requirements. Topical application of a combination of dimethyl sulfoxide and lidocaine has also been found to be effective. CONCLUSION: The ideal analgesic, offering optimal pain control, minimal side effects, and cost-effectiveness is still elusive. Opioids administered using various techniques, provide effective analgesia, but require active monitoring of patient for potential adverse effects. Combination therapy (oral NSAID and occlusive dressing of EMLA, DMSO with lidocaine) offers an effective alternative mode for achieving analgesia with minimal morbidity. This therapy avoids the need for general anesthesia, injectable analgesics, and opioids along with their side effects. Medknow Publications 2008 /pmc/articles/PMC2684259/ /pubmed/19468389 Text en © Indian Journal of Urology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Gupta, Narmada P.
Kumar, Anup
Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title_full Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title_fullStr Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title_full_unstemmed Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title_short Analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Current status
title_sort analgesia for pain control during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: current status
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684259/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468389
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