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A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients
BACKGROUND: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is a parasitic tropical disease. It progresses from the first, haemolymphatic stage to a neurological second stage due to invasion of parasites into the central nervous system (CNS). As treatment depends on the stage o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2009
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19554086 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000459 |
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author | Hainard, Alexandre Tiberti, Natalia Robin, Xavier Lejon, Veerle Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba Matovu, Enock Enyaru, John Charles Fouda, Catherine Ndung'u, Joseph Mathu Lisacek, Frédérique Müller, Markus Turck, Natacha Sanchez, Jean-Charles |
author_facet | Hainard, Alexandre Tiberti, Natalia Robin, Xavier Lejon, Veerle Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba Matovu, Enock Enyaru, John Charles Fouda, Catherine Ndung'u, Joseph Mathu Lisacek, Frédérique Müller, Markus Turck, Natacha Sanchez, Jean-Charles |
author_sort | Hainard, Alexandre |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is a parasitic tropical disease. It progresses from the first, haemolymphatic stage to a neurological second stage due to invasion of parasites into the central nervous system (CNS). As treatment depends on the stage of disease, there is a critical need for tools that efficiently discriminate the two stages of HAT. We hypothesized that markers of brain damage discovered by proteomic strategies and inflammation-related proteins could individually or in combination indicate the CNS invasion by the parasite. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) originated from parasitologically confirmed Trypanosoma brucei gambiense patients. Patients were staged on the basis of CSF white blood cell (WBC) count and presence of parasites in CSF. One hundred samples were analysed: 21 from stage 1 (no trypanosomes in CSF and ≤5 WBC/µL) and 79 from stage 2 (trypanosomes in CSF and/or >5 WBC/µL) patients. The concentration of H-FABP, GSTP-1 and S100β in CSF was measured by ELISA. The levels of thirteen inflammation-related proteins (IL-1ra, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, G-CSF, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CCL2, CCL4, CXCL8 and CXCL10) were determined by bead suspension arrays. RESULTS: CXCL10 most accurately distinguished stage 1 and stage 2 patients, with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 100%. Rule Induction Like (RIL) analysis defined a panel characterized by CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP that improved the detection of stage 2 patients to 97% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the value of CXCL10 as a single biomarker for staging T. b. gambiense-infected HAT patients. Further combination of CXCL10 with H-FABP and CXCL8 results in a panel that efficiently rules in stage 2 HAT patients. As these molecules could potentially be markers of other CNS infections and disorders, these results should be validated in a larger multi-centric cohort including other inflammatory diseases such as cerebral malaria and active tuberculosis. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2696178 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2009 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-26961782009-06-24 A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients Hainard, Alexandre Tiberti, Natalia Robin, Xavier Lejon, Veerle Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba Matovu, Enock Enyaru, John Charles Fouda, Catherine Ndung'u, Joseph Mathu Lisacek, Frédérique Müller, Markus Turck, Natacha Sanchez, Jean-Charles PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is a parasitic tropical disease. It progresses from the first, haemolymphatic stage to a neurological second stage due to invasion of parasites into the central nervous system (CNS). As treatment depends on the stage of disease, there is a critical need for tools that efficiently discriminate the two stages of HAT. We hypothesized that markers of brain damage discovered by proteomic strategies and inflammation-related proteins could individually or in combination indicate the CNS invasion by the parasite. METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) originated from parasitologically confirmed Trypanosoma brucei gambiense patients. Patients were staged on the basis of CSF white blood cell (WBC) count and presence of parasites in CSF. One hundred samples were analysed: 21 from stage 1 (no trypanosomes in CSF and ≤5 WBC/µL) and 79 from stage 2 (trypanosomes in CSF and/or >5 WBC/µL) patients. The concentration of H-FABP, GSTP-1 and S100β in CSF was measured by ELISA. The levels of thirteen inflammation-related proteins (IL-1ra, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, G-CSF, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, CCL2, CCL4, CXCL8 and CXCL10) were determined by bead suspension arrays. RESULTS: CXCL10 most accurately distinguished stage 1 and stage 2 patients, with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 100%. Rule Induction Like (RIL) analysis defined a panel characterized by CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP that improved the detection of stage 2 patients to 97% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the value of CXCL10 as a single biomarker for staging T. b. gambiense-infected HAT patients. Further combination of CXCL10 with H-FABP and CXCL8 results in a panel that efficiently rules in stage 2 HAT patients. As these molecules could potentially be markers of other CNS infections and disorders, these results should be validated in a larger multi-centric cohort including other inflammatory diseases such as cerebral malaria and active tuberculosis. Public Library of Science 2009-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC2696178/ /pubmed/19554086 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000459 Text en Hainard et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hainard, Alexandre Tiberti, Natalia Robin, Xavier Lejon, Veerle Ngoyi, Dieudonné Mumba Matovu, Enock Enyaru, John Charles Fouda, Catherine Ndung'u, Joseph Mathu Lisacek, Frédérique Müller, Markus Turck, Natacha Sanchez, Jean-Charles A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title | A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title_full | A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title_fullStr | A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title_short | A Combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP Panel for the Staging of Human African Trypanosomiasis Patients |
title_sort | combined cxcl10, cxcl8 and h-fabp panel for the staging of human african trypanosomiasis patients |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19554086 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000459 |
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