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Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability
The progress of replication forks is often threatened in vivo, both by DNA damage and by proteins bound to the template. Blocked forks must somehow be restarted, and the original blockage cleared, in order to complete genome duplication, implying that blocked fork processing may be critical for geno...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2009
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19406929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp244 |
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author | Atkinson, John McGlynn, Peter |
author_facet | Atkinson, John McGlynn, Peter |
author_sort | Atkinson, John |
collection | PubMed |
description | The progress of replication forks is often threatened in vivo, both by DNA damage and by proteins bound to the template. Blocked forks must somehow be restarted, and the original blockage cleared, in order to complete genome duplication, implying that blocked fork processing may be critical for genome stability. One possible pathway that might allow processing and restart of blocked forks, replication fork reversal, involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions. This concept has gained increasing popularity recently based on the ability of such processing to explain many genetic observations, the detection of unwound fork structures in vivo and the identification of enzymes that have the capacity to catalyse fork regression in vitro. Here, we discuss the contexts in which fork regression might occur, the factors that may promote such a reaction and the possible roles of replication fork unwinding in normal DNA metabolism. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2699526 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2009 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-26995262009-06-22 Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability Atkinson, John McGlynn, Peter Nucleic Acids Res Survey and Summary The progress of replication forks is often threatened in vivo, both by DNA damage and by proteins bound to the template. Blocked forks must somehow be restarted, and the original blockage cleared, in order to complete genome duplication, implying that blocked fork processing may be critical for genome stability. One possible pathway that might allow processing and restart of blocked forks, replication fork reversal, involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions. This concept has gained increasing popularity recently based on the ability of such processing to explain many genetic observations, the detection of unwound fork structures in vivo and the identification of enzymes that have the capacity to catalyse fork regression in vitro. Here, we discuss the contexts in which fork regression might occur, the factors that may promote such a reaction and the possible roles of replication fork unwinding in normal DNA metabolism. Oxford University Press 2009-06 2009-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC2699526/ /pubmed/19406929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp244 Text en © 2009 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Survey and Summary Atkinson, John McGlynn, Peter Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title | Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title_full | Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title_fullStr | Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title_full_unstemmed | Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title_short | Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
title_sort | replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability |
topic | Survey and Summary |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19406929 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp244 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT atkinsonjohn replicationforkreversalandthemaintenanceofgenomestability AT mcglynnpeter replicationforkreversalandthemaintenanceofgenomestability |