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Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients

Mucorales species are deadly opportunistic fungi with a rapidly invasive nature. A rare disease, mucormycosis is most commonly reported in patients with diabetes mellitus, because the favorable carbohydrate-rich environment allows the Mucorales fungi to flourish, especially in the setting of ketoaci...

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Autores principales: Pak, Jane, Tucci, Veronica T, Vincent, Albert L, Sandin, Ramon L, Greene, John N
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19561989
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.42203
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author Pak, Jane
Tucci, Veronica T
Vincent, Albert L
Sandin, Ramon L
Greene, John N
author_facet Pak, Jane
Tucci, Veronica T
Vincent, Albert L
Sandin, Ramon L
Greene, John N
author_sort Pak, Jane
collection PubMed
description Mucorales species are deadly opportunistic fungi with a rapidly invasive nature. A rare disease, mucormycosis is most commonly reported in patients with diabetes mellitus, because the favorable carbohydrate-rich environment allows the Mucorales fungi to flourish, especially in the setting of ketoacidosis. However, case reports over the past 20 years show that a growing number of cases of mucormycosis are occurring during treatment following bone marrow transplants (BMT) and hematological malignancies (HM) such as leukemia and lymphoma. This is due to the prolonged treatment of these patients with steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Liposomal amphotericin B treatment and posaconazole are two pharmacologic agents that seem to be effective against mucormycosis, but the inherently rapid onset and course of the disease, in conjunction with the difficulty in correctly identifying it, hinder prompt institution of appropriate antifungal therapy. This review of the literature discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of mucormycosis among the BMT and HM populations.
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spelling pubmed-27006082009-06-25 Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients Pak, Jane Tucci, Veronica T Vincent, Albert L Sandin, Ramon L Greene, John N J Emerg Trauma Shock Interdisciplinary Focus Mucorales species are deadly opportunistic fungi with a rapidly invasive nature. A rare disease, mucormycosis is most commonly reported in patients with diabetes mellitus, because the favorable carbohydrate-rich environment allows the Mucorales fungi to flourish, especially in the setting of ketoacidosis. However, case reports over the past 20 years show that a growing number of cases of mucormycosis are occurring during treatment following bone marrow transplants (BMT) and hematological malignancies (HM) such as leukemia and lymphoma. This is due to the prolonged treatment of these patients with steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Liposomal amphotericin B treatment and posaconazole are two pharmacologic agents that seem to be effective against mucormycosis, but the inherently rapid onset and course of the disease, in conjunction with the difficulty in correctly identifying it, hinder prompt institution of appropriate antifungal therapy. This review of the literature discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of mucormycosis among the BMT and HM populations. Medknow Publications 2008 /pmc/articles/PMC2700608/ /pubmed/19561989 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.42203 Text en © Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Interdisciplinary Focus
Pak, Jane
Tucci, Veronica T
Vincent, Albert L
Sandin, Ramon L
Greene, John N
Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title_full Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title_fullStr Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title_full_unstemmed Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title_short Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
title_sort mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients
topic Interdisciplinary Focus
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19561989
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.42203
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