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Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of blindness in the working-aged population of most developed countries. The increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR/DME will continue to be major contributors to vision loss and associated fu...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rechtman, Ehud, Harris, Alon, Garzozi, Hanna J, Ciulla, Thomas A
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2007
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2704543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668515
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author Rechtman, Ehud
Harris, Alon
Garzozi, Hanna J
Ciulla, Thomas A
author_facet Rechtman, Ehud
Harris, Alon
Garzozi, Hanna J
Ciulla, Thomas A
author_sort Rechtman, Ehud
collection PubMed
description Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of blindness in the working-aged population of most developed countries. The increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR/DME will continue to be major contributors to vision loss and associated functional impairment for years to come. Early detection of retinopathy in persons with diabetes is critical in preventing visual loss, but current methods of screening fail to identify a sizable number of high-risk patients. The control of diabetes-associated metabolic abnormalities (ie, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) is also important in preserving visual function, as these conditions have been identified as risk factors for both the development and progression of DR/DME. The non-pharmacologic interventions for DR/DME, laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy, only target advanced stages of disease. Several biochemical mechanisms, including increased vascular endothelial growth factor production, protein kinase C β activation, oxidative stress, and accumulation of intracellular sorbitol and advanced glycosylation end products, may contribute to the vascular disruptions that characterize DR/DME. The inhibition of these pathways holds the promise of the intervention for diabetic retinopathy with higher success rate and also at earlier, non-sight-threatening stages.
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spelling pubmed-27045432009-08-10 Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema Rechtman, Ehud Harris, Alon Garzozi, Hanna J Ciulla, Thomas A Clin Ophthalmol Review Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of blindness in the working-aged population of most developed countries. The increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR/DME will continue to be major contributors to vision loss and associated functional impairment for years to come. Early detection of retinopathy in persons with diabetes is critical in preventing visual loss, but current methods of screening fail to identify a sizable number of high-risk patients. The control of diabetes-associated metabolic abnormalities (ie, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) is also important in preserving visual function, as these conditions have been identified as risk factors for both the development and progression of DR/DME. The non-pharmacologic interventions for DR/DME, laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy, only target advanced stages of disease. Several biochemical mechanisms, including increased vascular endothelial growth factor production, protein kinase C β activation, oxidative stress, and accumulation of intracellular sorbitol and advanced glycosylation end products, may contribute to the vascular disruptions that characterize DR/DME. The inhibition of these pathways holds the promise of the intervention for diabetic retinopathy with higher success rate and also at earlier, non-sight-threatening stages. Dove Medical Press 2007-12 /pmc/articles/PMC2704543/ /pubmed/19668515 Text en © 2007 Dove Medical Press Limited. All rights reserved
spellingShingle Review
Rechtman, Ehud
Harris, Alon
Garzozi, Hanna J
Ciulla, Thomas A
Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title_full Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title_fullStr Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title_short Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
title_sort pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2704543/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19668515
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