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MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders

Understanding complex diseases such as sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) has been a major challenge. Unlike the familial forms of AD, the genetic and environmental risks factors identified for sporadic AD are extensive. MicroRNAs are one of the major noncoding RNAs that function as negative regulators...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Maes, Olivier C, Chertkow, Howard M, Wang, Eugenia, Schipper, Hyman M
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2705849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19881909
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920209788185252
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author Maes, Olivier C
Chertkow, Howard M
Wang, Eugenia
Schipper, Hyman M
author_facet Maes, Olivier C
Chertkow, Howard M
Wang, Eugenia
Schipper, Hyman M
author_sort Maes, Olivier C
collection PubMed
description Understanding complex diseases such as sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) has been a major challenge. Unlike the familial forms of AD, the genetic and environmental risks factors identified for sporadic AD are extensive. MicroRNAs are one of the major noncoding RNAs that function as negative regulators to silence or suppress gene expression via translational inhibition or message degradation. Their discovery has evoked great excitement in biomedical research for their promise as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Key microRNAs have been identified as essential for a variety of cellular events including cell lineage determination, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and cytoskeletal organization; most, if not all, acting to fine-tune gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a host of cellular signaling networks. Dysfunctional microRNA-mediated regulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many disease states. Here, the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the central nervous system is reviewed with emphasis on their impact on the etiopathogenesis of sporadic AD.
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spelling pubmed-27058492009-11-01 MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders Maes, Olivier C Chertkow, Howard M Wang, Eugenia Schipper, Hyman M Curr Genomics Article Understanding complex diseases such as sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) has been a major challenge. Unlike the familial forms of AD, the genetic and environmental risks factors identified for sporadic AD are extensive. MicroRNAs are one of the major noncoding RNAs that function as negative regulators to silence or suppress gene expression via translational inhibition or message degradation. Their discovery has evoked great excitement in biomedical research for their promise as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Key microRNAs have been identified as essential for a variety of cellular events including cell lineage determination, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and cytoskeletal organization; most, if not all, acting to fine-tune gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a host of cellular signaling networks. Dysfunctional microRNA-mediated regulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many disease states. Here, the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in the central nervous system is reviewed with emphasis on their impact on the etiopathogenesis of sporadic AD. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 2009-05 /pmc/articles/PMC2705849/ /pubmed/19881909 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920209788185252 Text en ©2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Maes, Olivier C
Chertkow, Howard M
Wang, Eugenia
Schipper, Hyman M
MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title_full MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title_fullStr MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title_short MicroRNA: Implications for Alzheimer Disease and other Human CNS Disorders
title_sort microrna: implications for alzheimer disease and other human cns disorders
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2705849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19881909
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920209788185252
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