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Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures

BACKGROUND: Several event related potential (ERP) studies have investigated the time course of different aspects of evaluative processing in social bias research. Various reports suggest that the late positive potential (LPP) is modulated by basic evaluative processes, and some reports suggest that...

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Autores principales: Hurtado, Esteban, Haye, Andrés, González, Ramiro, Manes, Facundo, Ibáñez, Agustiń
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711957/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19558689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-10-69
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author Hurtado, Esteban
Haye, Andrés
González, Ramiro
Manes, Facundo
Ibáñez, Agustiń
author_facet Hurtado, Esteban
Haye, Andrés
González, Ramiro
Manes, Facundo
Ibáñez, Agustiń
author_sort Hurtado, Esteban
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Several event related potential (ERP) studies have investigated the time course of different aspects of evaluative processing in social bias research. Various reports suggest that the late positive potential (LPP) is modulated by basic evaluative processes, and some reports suggest that in-/outgroup relative position affects ERP responses. In order to study possible LPP blending between facial race processing and semantic valence (positive or negative words), we recorded ERPs while indigenous and non-indigenous participants who were matched by age and gender performed an implicit association test (IAT). The task involved categorizing faces (ingroup and outgroup) and words (positive and negative). Since our paradigm implies an evaluative task with positive and negative valence association, a frontal distribution of LPPs similar to that found in previous reports was expected. At the same time, we predicted that LPP valence lateralization would be modulated not only by positive/negative associations but also by particular combinations of valence, face stimuli and participant relative position. RESULTS: Results showed that, during an IAT, indigenous participants with greater behavioral ingroup bias displayed a frontal LPP that was modulated in terms of complex contextual associations involving ethnic group and valence. The LPP was lateralized to the right for negative valence stimuli and to the left for positive valence stimuli. This valence lateralization was influenced by the combination of valence and membership type relevant to compatibility with prejudice toward a minority. Behavioral data from the IAT and an explicit attitudes questionnaire were used to clarify this finding and showed that ingroup bias plays an important role. Both ingroup favoritism and indigenous/non-indigenous differences were consistently present in the data. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that frontal LPP is elicited by contextual blending of evaluative judgments of in-/outgroup information and positive vs. negative valence association and confirm recent research relating in-/outgroup ERP modulation and frontal LPP. LPP modulation may cohere with implicit measures of attitudes. The convergence of measures that were observed supports the idea that racial and valence evaluations are strongly influenced by context. This result adds to a growing set of evidence concerning contextual sensitivity of different measures of prejudice.
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spelling pubmed-27119572009-07-17 Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures Hurtado, Esteban Haye, Andrés González, Ramiro Manes, Facundo Ibáñez, Agustiń BMC Neurosci Research Article BACKGROUND: Several event related potential (ERP) studies have investigated the time course of different aspects of evaluative processing in social bias research. Various reports suggest that the late positive potential (LPP) is modulated by basic evaluative processes, and some reports suggest that in-/outgroup relative position affects ERP responses. In order to study possible LPP blending between facial race processing and semantic valence (positive or negative words), we recorded ERPs while indigenous and non-indigenous participants who were matched by age and gender performed an implicit association test (IAT). The task involved categorizing faces (ingroup and outgroup) and words (positive and negative). Since our paradigm implies an evaluative task with positive and negative valence association, a frontal distribution of LPPs similar to that found in previous reports was expected. At the same time, we predicted that LPP valence lateralization would be modulated not only by positive/negative associations but also by particular combinations of valence, face stimuli and participant relative position. RESULTS: Results showed that, during an IAT, indigenous participants with greater behavioral ingroup bias displayed a frontal LPP that was modulated in terms of complex contextual associations involving ethnic group and valence. The LPP was lateralized to the right for negative valence stimuli and to the left for positive valence stimuli. This valence lateralization was influenced by the combination of valence and membership type relevant to compatibility with prejudice toward a minority. Behavioral data from the IAT and an explicit attitudes questionnaire were used to clarify this finding and showed that ingroup bias plays an important role. Both ingroup favoritism and indigenous/non-indigenous differences were consistently present in the data. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that frontal LPP is elicited by contextual blending of evaluative judgments of in-/outgroup information and positive vs. negative valence association and confirm recent research relating in-/outgroup ERP modulation and frontal LPP. LPP modulation may cohere with implicit measures of attitudes. The convergence of measures that were observed supports the idea that racial and valence evaluations are strongly influenced by context. This result adds to a growing set of evidence concerning contextual sensitivity of different measures of prejudice. BioMed Central 2009-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC2711957/ /pubmed/19558689 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-10-69 Text en Copyright © 2009 Hurtado et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hurtado, Esteban
Haye, Andrés
González, Ramiro
Manes, Facundo
Ibáñez, Agustiń
Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title_full Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title_fullStr Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title_full_unstemmed Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title_short Contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: LPP modulation and convergence of measures
title_sort contextual blending of ingroup/outgroup face stimuli and word valence: lpp modulation and convergence of measures
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711957/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19558689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-10-69
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