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Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi

Hypha orientation is an essential aspect of polarised growth and the morphogenesis, spatial ecology and pathogenesis of fungi. The ability to re-orient tip growth in response to environmental cues is critical for colony ramification, the penetration of diverse host tissues and the formation of matin...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brand, Alexandra, Gow, Neil AR
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Current Biology 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2728830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2009.05.007
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author Brand, Alexandra
Gow, Neil AR
author_facet Brand, Alexandra
Gow, Neil AR
author_sort Brand, Alexandra
collection PubMed
description Hypha orientation is an essential aspect of polarised growth and the morphogenesis, spatial ecology and pathogenesis of fungi. The ability to re-orient tip growth in response to environmental cues is critical for colony ramification, the penetration of diverse host tissues and the formation of mating structures. Recent studies have begun to describe the molecular machinery regulating hypha orientation. Calcium signalling, the polarisome Bud1-GTPase module and the Tea cell-end marker proteins of the microtubule cytoskeleton, along with specific kinesins and sterol-rich apical microdomains, are involved in hypha orientation. Mutations that affect these processes generate normal-shaped, growing hyphae that have either abnormal meandering trajectories or attenuated tropic responses. Hyphal tip orientation and tip extension are, therefore, distinct regulatory mechanisms that operate in parallel during filamentous growth, thereby allowing fungi to orchestrate their reproduction in relation to gradients of effectors in their environments.
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spelling pubmed-27288302009-08-19 Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi Brand, Alexandra Gow, Neil AR Curr Opin Microbiol Article Hypha orientation is an essential aspect of polarised growth and the morphogenesis, spatial ecology and pathogenesis of fungi. The ability to re-orient tip growth in response to environmental cues is critical for colony ramification, the penetration of diverse host tissues and the formation of mating structures. Recent studies have begun to describe the molecular machinery regulating hypha orientation. Calcium signalling, the polarisome Bud1-GTPase module and the Tea cell-end marker proteins of the microtubule cytoskeleton, along with specific kinesins and sterol-rich apical microdomains, are involved in hypha orientation. Mutations that affect these processes generate normal-shaped, growing hyphae that have either abnormal meandering trajectories or attenuated tropic responses. Hyphal tip orientation and tip extension are, therefore, distinct regulatory mechanisms that operate in parallel during filamentous growth, thereby allowing fungi to orchestrate their reproduction in relation to gradients of effectors in their environments. Current Biology 2009-08 /pmc/articles/PMC2728830/ /pubmed/19546023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2009.05.007 Text en © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Open Access under CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) license
spellingShingle Article
Brand, Alexandra
Gow, Neil AR
Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title_full Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title_fullStr Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title_short Mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
title_sort mechanisms of hypha orientation of fungi
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2728830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2009.05.007
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