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Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures
Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release formulation of levetiracetam (Keppra XR(™); UCB Pharma) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of pa...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2009
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2747386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19777068 |
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author | Ulloa, Carol M Towfigh, Allen Safdieh, Joseph |
author_facet | Ulloa, Carol M Towfigh, Allen Safdieh, Joseph |
author_sort | Ulloa, Carol M |
collection | PubMed |
description | Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release formulation of levetiracetam (Keppra XR(™); UCB Pharma) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 16 years of age and older with epilepsy. This approval is based on a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, multinational trial. Levetiracetam XR allows for once-daily dosing, which may increase compliance and, given the relatively constant plasma concentrations, may minimize concentration-related adverse effects. Levetiracetam’s mode of action is not fully elucidated, but it has been found to target high-voltage, N-type calcium channels as well as the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). Levetiracetam has nearly ideal pharmacokinetics. It is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral ingestion, is <10% protein-bound, demonstrates linear kinetics, is minimally metabolized through a pathway independent of the cytochrome P450 system, has no significant drug–drug interactions, and has a wide therapeutic index. The most common reported adverse events with levetiracetam XR were somnolence, irritability, dizziness, nausea, influenza, and nasopharyngitis. Levetiracetam XR provides an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2747386 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2009 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-27473862009-09-23 Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures Ulloa, Carol M Towfigh, Allen Safdieh, Joseph Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Expert Opinion Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) with a unique chemical structure and mechanism of action. The extended release formulation of levetiracetam (Keppra XR(™); UCB Pharma) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients 16 years of age and older with epilepsy. This approval is based on a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, multinational trial. Levetiracetam XR allows for once-daily dosing, which may increase compliance and, given the relatively constant plasma concentrations, may minimize concentration-related adverse effects. Levetiracetam’s mode of action is not fully elucidated, but it has been found to target high-voltage, N-type calcium channels as well as the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). Levetiracetam has nearly ideal pharmacokinetics. It is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral ingestion, is <10% protein-bound, demonstrates linear kinetics, is minimally metabolized through a pathway independent of the cytochrome P450 system, has no significant drug–drug interactions, and has a wide therapeutic index. The most common reported adverse events with levetiracetam XR were somnolence, irritability, dizziness, nausea, influenza, and nasopharyngitis. Levetiracetam XR provides an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures. Dove Medical Press 2009 2009-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC2747386/ /pubmed/19777068 Text en © 2009 Ulloa et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Expert Opinion Ulloa, Carol M Towfigh, Allen Safdieh, Joseph Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title | Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title_full | Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title_fullStr | Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title_full_unstemmed | Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title_short | Review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
title_sort | review of levetiracetam, with a focus on the extended release formulation, as adjuvant therapy in controlling partial-onset seizures |
topic | Expert Opinion |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2747386/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19777068 |
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