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Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care

BACKGROUND: Anticoagulation management services (AMSs) are widely used for anticoagulation management in many countries. Our AMS is a pharmacist-run ambulatory clinic with a physician advisory committee that manages patients referred with complicated anticoagulation histories. This paper assesses th...

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Autores principales: Bungard, Tammy J, Gardner, Leslie, Archer, Stephen L, Hamilton, Peter, Ritchie, Bruce, Tymchak, Wayne, Tsuyuki, Ross T
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Open Medicine Publications, Inc. 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2765765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19946388
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author Bungard, Tammy J
Gardner, Leslie
Archer, Stephen L
Hamilton, Peter
Ritchie, Bruce
Tymchak, Wayne
Tsuyuki, Ross T
author_facet Bungard, Tammy J
Gardner, Leslie
Archer, Stephen L
Hamilton, Peter
Ritchie, Bruce
Tymchak, Wayne
Tsuyuki, Ross T
author_sort Bungard, Tammy J
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Anticoagulation management services (AMSs) are widely used for anticoagulation management in many countries. Our AMS is a pharmacist-run ambulatory clinic with a physician advisory committee that manages patients referred with complicated anticoagulation histories. This paper assesses the adequacy of anticoagulation, rates of anticoagulant-related events and associated health care resource utilization for patients before and after referral to our AMS. METHODS: Consecutive patients referred to the AMS with 4 months of prior anticoagulation management who also had anticoagulation management for 4 months within the AMS were included in the evaluation. The primary endpoint was adequacy of anticoagulation (target international normalized ratio [INR] ± 0.5). Secondary outcomes included adverse events requiring an emergency department (ED) visit or hospital stay. These were classified by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes as thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, or non-anticoagulant related. Health care system resource consumption data were collected as number of hours spent in an ED and hospitalization costs. RESULTS: A total of 125 patients were included: 57.6% were male, with a mean age of 62.9 (standard deviation [SD]) ± 15.0 years. Indications for warfarin therapy were atrial fibrillation (40.0%), mechanical valve replacement (24.0%) and venous thromboembolism (19.2%). The adequacy of anticoagulant control was significantly greater during AMS care compared with the period before referral; patients were in the target INR range 66.5% versus 48.8% of the time, respectively (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.4%–22.0%; p < 0.0001). The relative risk of a thromboembolic event before referral to AMS care was 17.6 (95% CI 6.0–51.9; p < 0.0001), while the relative risk of a hemorrhagic event before AMS care was 1.6 (95% CI 0.7–3.7; p = 0.25). During AMS care, savings included 572 hours in the ED and Cdn$122,145.40 in hospitalization costs. CONCLUSIONS: A pharmacist-directed, physician-supported AMS program achieved significantly better INR control and reduced rates of thromboembolic complications compared with standard care. Resource utilization was substantially reduced during AMS care.
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spelling pubmed-27657652009-11-24 Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care Bungard, Tammy J Gardner, Leslie Archer, Stephen L Hamilton, Peter Ritchie, Bruce Tymchak, Wayne Tsuyuki, Ross T Open Med Research BACKGROUND: Anticoagulation management services (AMSs) are widely used for anticoagulation management in many countries. Our AMS is a pharmacist-run ambulatory clinic with a physician advisory committee that manages patients referred with complicated anticoagulation histories. This paper assesses the adequacy of anticoagulation, rates of anticoagulant-related events and associated health care resource utilization for patients before and after referral to our AMS. METHODS: Consecutive patients referred to the AMS with 4 months of prior anticoagulation management who also had anticoagulation management for 4 months within the AMS were included in the evaluation. The primary endpoint was adequacy of anticoagulation (target international normalized ratio [INR] ± 0.5). Secondary outcomes included adverse events requiring an emergency department (ED) visit or hospital stay. These were classified by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes as thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, or non-anticoagulant related. Health care system resource consumption data were collected as number of hours spent in an ED and hospitalization costs. RESULTS: A total of 125 patients were included: 57.6% were male, with a mean age of 62.9 (standard deviation [SD]) ± 15.0 years. Indications for warfarin therapy were atrial fibrillation (40.0%), mechanical valve replacement (24.0%) and venous thromboembolism (19.2%). The adequacy of anticoagulant control was significantly greater during AMS care compared with the period before referral; patients were in the target INR range 66.5% versus 48.8% of the time, respectively (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.4%–22.0%; p < 0.0001). The relative risk of a thromboembolic event before referral to AMS care was 17.6 (95% CI 6.0–51.9; p < 0.0001), while the relative risk of a hemorrhagic event before AMS care was 1.6 (95% CI 0.7–3.7; p = 0.25). During AMS care, savings included 572 hours in the ED and Cdn$122,145.40 in hospitalization costs. CONCLUSIONS: A pharmacist-directed, physician-supported AMS program achieved significantly better INR control and reduced rates of thromboembolic complications compared with standard care. Resource utilization was substantially reduced during AMS care. Open Medicine Publications, Inc. 2009-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC2765765/ /pubmed/19946388 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ca/ Open Medicine applies the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License, which means that anyone is able to freely copy, download, reprint, reuse, distribute, display or perform this work and that authors retain copyright of their work. Any derivative use of this work must be distributed only under a license identical to this one and must be attributed to the authors. Any of these conditions can be waived with permission from the copyright holder. These conditions do not negate or supersede Fair Use laws in any country.
spellingShingle Research
Bungard, Tammy J
Gardner, Leslie
Archer, Stephen L
Hamilton, Peter
Ritchie, Bruce
Tymchak, Wayne
Tsuyuki, Ross T
Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title_full Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title_fullStr Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title_short Evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: Improving patient care
title_sort evaluation of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic: improving patient care
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2765765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19946388
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