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Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals
DNA and histone methylation are linked and subjected to mitotic inheritance in mammals. Yet how methylation is propagated and maintained between successive cell divisions is not fully understood. A series of enzyme families that can add methylation marks to cytosine nucleobases, and lysine and argin...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Birkhäuser-Verlag
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18985277 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-008-8432-4 |
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author | Kim, J. K. Samaranayake, M. Pradhan, S. |
author_facet | Kim, J. K. Samaranayake, M. Pradhan, S. |
author_sort | Kim, J. K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | DNA and histone methylation are linked and subjected to mitotic inheritance in mammals. Yet how methylation is propagated and maintained between successive cell divisions is not fully understood. A series of enzyme families that can add methylation marks to cytosine nucleobases, and lysine and arginine amino acid residues has been discovered. Apart from methyltransferases, there are also histone modification enzymes and accessory proteins, which can facilitate and/or target epigenetic marks. Several lysine and arginine demethylases have been discovered recently, and the presence of an active DNA demethylase is speculated in mammalian cells. A mammalian methyl DNA binding protein MBD2 and de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A and DNMT3B are shown experimentally to possess DNA demethylase activity. Thus, complex mammalian epigenetic mechanisms appear to be dynamic yet reversible along with a well-choreographed set of events that take place during mammalian development. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2780668 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2008 |
publisher | Birkhäuser-Verlag |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-27806682009-11-23 Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals Kim, J. K. Samaranayake, M. Pradhan, S. Cell Mol Life Sci Review DNA and histone methylation are linked and subjected to mitotic inheritance in mammals. Yet how methylation is propagated and maintained between successive cell divisions is not fully understood. A series of enzyme families that can add methylation marks to cytosine nucleobases, and lysine and arginine amino acid residues has been discovered. Apart from methyltransferases, there are also histone modification enzymes and accessory proteins, which can facilitate and/or target epigenetic marks. Several lysine and arginine demethylases have been discovered recently, and the presence of an active DNA demethylase is speculated in mammalian cells. A mammalian methyl DNA binding protein MBD2 and de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A and DNMT3B are shown experimentally to possess DNA demethylase activity. Thus, complex mammalian epigenetic mechanisms appear to be dynamic yet reversible along with a well-choreographed set of events that take place during mammalian development. Birkhäuser-Verlag 2008-11-03 2009 /pmc/articles/PMC2780668/ /pubmed/18985277 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-008-8432-4 Text en © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the orginal author(s) and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Review Kim, J. K. Samaranayake, M. Pradhan, S. Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title | Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title_full | Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title_fullStr | Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title_short | Epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
title_sort | epigenetic mechanisms in mammals |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18985277 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-008-8432-4 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kimjk epigeneticmechanismsinmammals AT samaranayakem epigeneticmechanismsinmammals AT pradhans epigeneticmechanismsinmammals |