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Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes

Maintaining the integrity of sperm DNA is vital to reproduction and male fertility. Sperm contain a number of molecules and pathways for the repair of base excision, base mismatches and DNA strand breaks. The presence of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a DNA repair enzyme, and its homologues ha...

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Autores principales: Agarwal, Ashok, Mahfouz, Reda Z, Sharma, Rakesh K, Sarkar, Oli, Mangrola, Devna, Mathur, Premendu P
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19961617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-7-143
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author Agarwal, Ashok
Mahfouz, Reda Z
Sharma, Rakesh K
Sarkar, Oli
Mangrola, Devna
Mathur, Premendu P
author_facet Agarwal, Ashok
Mahfouz, Reda Z
Sharma, Rakesh K
Sarkar, Oli
Mangrola, Devna
Mathur, Premendu P
author_sort Agarwal, Ashok
collection PubMed
description Maintaining the integrity of sperm DNA is vital to reproduction and male fertility. Sperm contain a number of molecules and pathways for the repair of base excision, base mismatches and DNA strand breaks. The presence of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a DNA repair enzyme, and its homologues has recently been shown in male germ cells, specifically during stage VII of spermatogenesis. High PARP expression has been reported in mature spermatozoa and in proven fertile men. Whenever there are strand breaks in sperm DNA due to oxidative stress, chromatin remodeling or cell death, PARP is activated. However, the cleavage of PARP by caspase-3 inactivates it and inhibits PARP's DNA-repairing abilities. Therefore, cleaved PARP (cPARP) may be considered a marker of apoptosis. The presence of higher levels of cPARP in sperm of infertile men adds a new proof for the correlation between apoptosis and male infertility. This review describes the possible biological significance of PARP in mammalian cells with the focus on male reproduction. The review elaborates on the role played by PARP during spermatogenesis, sperm maturation in ejaculated spermatozoa and the potential role of PARP as new marker of sperm damage. PARP could provide new strategies to preserve fertility in cancer patients subjected to genotoxic stresses and may be a key to better male reproductive health.
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spelling pubmed-28001142009-12-31 Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes Agarwal, Ashok Mahfouz, Reda Z Sharma, Rakesh K Sarkar, Oli Mangrola, Devna Mathur, Premendu P Reprod Biol Endocrinol Review Maintaining the integrity of sperm DNA is vital to reproduction and male fertility. Sperm contain a number of molecules and pathways for the repair of base excision, base mismatches and DNA strand breaks. The presence of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a DNA repair enzyme, and its homologues has recently been shown in male germ cells, specifically during stage VII of spermatogenesis. High PARP expression has been reported in mature spermatozoa and in proven fertile men. Whenever there are strand breaks in sperm DNA due to oxidative stress, chromatin remodeling or cell death, PARP is activated. However, the cleavage of PARP by caspase-3 inactivates it and inhibits PARP's DNA-repairing abilities. Therefore, cleaved PARP (cPARP) may be considered a marker of apoptosis. The presence of higher levels of cPARP in sperm of infertile men adds a new proof for the correlation between apoptosis and male infertility. This review describes the possible biological significance of PARP in mammalian cells with the focus on male reproduction. The review elaborates on the role played by PARP during spermatogenesis, sperm maturation in ejaculated spermatozoa and the potential role of PARP as new marker of sperm damage. PARP could provide new strategies to preserve fertility in cancer patients subjected to genotoxic stresses and may be a key to better male reproductive health. BioMed Central 2009-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC2800114/ /pubmed/19961617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-7-143 Text en Copyright ©2009 Agarwal et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Agarwal, Ashok
Mahfouz, Reda Z
Sharma, Rakesh K
Sarkar, Oli
Mangrola, Devna
Mathur, Premendu P
Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title_full Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title_fullStr Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title_full_unstemmed Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title_short Potential biological role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in male gametes
title_sort potential biological role of poly (adp-ribose) polymerase (parp) in male gametes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19961617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-7-143
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