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What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, targets the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer of cells at the back of the eye. As AMD progresses, it can develop into two distinct forms of late AMD: "dry," atrophic AMD, characterized by RPE...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Impact Journals LLC
2009
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806048/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20157553 |
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author | Zhu, DanHong Deng, Xuemei Xu, Jing Hinton, David R |
author_facet | Zhu, DanHong Deng, Xuemei Xu, Jing Hinton, David R |
author_sort | Zhu, DanHong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, targets the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer of cells at the back of the eye. As AMD progresses, it can develop into two distinct forms of late AMD: "dry," atrophic AMD, characterized by RPE senescence and geographic RPE loss, and "wet," neovascular AMD, characterized by RPE activation with abnormal growth of choroidal vessels. The genetic and molecular pathways that lead to these diverse phenotypes are currently under investigation. We have found that bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) is differentially expressed in atrophic and neovascular AMD. In atrophic AMD, BMP4 is highly expressed in RPE, and mediates oxidative stress induced RPE senescencein vitro via Smad and p38 pathways. In contrast, in neovascular AMD lesions, BMP4 expression in RPE is low, possibly a result of local expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Thus, BMP4 may be involved in the molecular switch determining which phenotypic pathway is taken in the progression of AMD. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2806048 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2009 |
publisher | Impact Journals LLC |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-28060482010-02-12 What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence Zhu, DanHong Deng, Xuemei Xu, Jing Hinton, David R Aging (Albany NY) Research Perspective Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in the elderly, targets the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer of cells at the back of the eye. As AMD progresses, it can develop into two distinct forms of late AMD: "dry," atrophic AMD, characterized by RPE senescence and geographic RPE loss, and "wet," neovascular AMD, characterized by RPE activation with abnormal growth of choroidal vessels. The genetic and molecular pathways that lead to these diverse phenotypes are currently under investigation. We have found that bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) is differentially expressed in atrophic and neovascular AMD. In atrophic AMD, BMP4 is highly expressed in RPE, and mediates oxidative stress induced RPE senescencein vitro via Smad and p38 pathways. In contrast, in neovascular AMD lesions, BMP4 expression in RPE is low, possibly a result of local expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Thus, BMP4 may be involved in the molecular switch determining which phenotypic pathway is taken in the progression of AMD. Impact Journals LLC 2009-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC2806048/ /pubmed/20157553 Text en Copyright: ©2009 Zhu et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Perspective Zhu, DanHong Deng, Xuemei Xu, Jing Hinton, David R What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title | What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title_full | What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title_fullStr | What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title_full_unstemmed | What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title_short | What determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of BMP4 induced senescence |
title_sort | what determines the switch between atrophic and neovascular forms of
age related macular degeneration? - the role of bmp4 induced senescence |
topic | Research Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806048/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20157553 |
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