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CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo
The anterior–posterior axis of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is elaborated at the one-cell stage by the polarization of the partitioning (PAR) proteins at the cell cortex. Polarization is established under the control of the Rho GTPase RHO-1 and is maintained by the Rho GTPase CDC-42. To underst...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2808230/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19923324 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-01-0060 |
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author | Kumfer, Kraig T. Cook, Steven J. Squirrell, Jayne M. Eliceiri, Kevin W. Peel, Nina O'Connell, Kevin F. White, John G. |
author_facet | Kumfer, Kraig T. Cook, Steven J. Squirrell, Jayne M. Eliceiri, Kevin W. Peel, Nina O'Connell, Kevin F. White, John G. |
author_sort | Kumfer, Kraig T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The anterior–posterior axis of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is elaborated at the one-cell stage by the polarization of the partitioning (PAR) proteins at the cell cortex. Polarization is established under the control of the Rho GTPase RHO-1 and is maintained by the Rho GTPase CDC-42. To understand more clearly the role of the Rho family GTPases in polarization and division of the early embryo, we constructed a fluorescent biosensor to determine the localization of CDC-42 activity in the living embryo. A genetic screen using this biosensor identified one positive (putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor [GEF]) and one negative (putative GTPase activating protein [GAP]) regulator of CDC-42 activity: CGEF-1 and CHIN-1. CGEF-1 was required for robust activation, whereas CHIN-1 restricted the spatial extent of CDC-42 activity. Genetic studies placed CHIN-1 in a novel regulatory loop, parallel to loop described previously, that maintains cortical PAR polarity. We found that polarized distributions of the nonmuscle myosin NMY-2 at the cell cortex are independently produced by the actions of RHO-1, and its effector kinase LET-502, during establishment phase and CDC-42, and its effector kinase MRCK-1, during maintenance phase. CHIN-1 restricted NMY-2 recruitment to the anterior during maintenance phase, consistent with its role in polarizing CDC-42 activity during this phase. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2808230 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-28082302010-03-30 CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo Kumfer, Kraig T. Cook, Steven J. Squirrell, Jayne M. Eliceiri, Kevin W. Peel, Nina O'Connell, Kevin F. White, John G. Mol Biol Cell Articles The anterior–posterior axis of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is elaborated at the one-cell stage by the polarization of the partitioning (PAR) proteins at the cell cortex. Polarization is established under the control of the Rho GTPase RHO-1 and is maintained by the Rho GTPase CDC-42. To understand more clearly the role of the Rho family GTPases in polarization and division of the early embryo, we constructed a fluorescent biosensor to determine the localization of CDC-42 activity in the living embryo. A genetic screen using this biosensor identified one positive (putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor [GEF]) and one negative (putative GTPase activating protein [GAP]) regulator of CDC-42 activity: CGEF-1 and CHIN-1. CGEF-1 was required for robust activation, whereas CHIN-1 restricted the spatial extent of CDC-42 activity. Genetic studies placed CHIN-1 in a novel regulatory loop, parallel to loop described previously, that maintains cortical PAR polarity. We found that polarized distributions of the nonmuscle myosin NMY-2 at the cell cortex are independently produced by the actions of RHO-1, and its effector kinase LET-502, during establishment phase and CDC-42, and its effector kinase MRCK-1, during maintenance phase. CHIN-1 restricted NMY-2 recruitment to the anterior during maintenance phase, consistent with its role in polarizing CDC-42 activity during this phase. The American Society for Cell Biology 2010-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC2808230/ /pubmed/19923324 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-01-0060 Text en © 2010 by The American Society for Cell Biology |
spellingShingle | Articles Kumfer, Kraig T. Cook, Steven J. Squirrell, Jayne M. Eliceiri, Kevin W. Peel, Nina O'Connell, Kevin F. White, John G. CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title | CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title_full | CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title_fullStr | CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title_full_unstemmed | CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title_short | CGEF-1 and CHIN-1 Regulate CDC-42 Activity during Asymmetric Division in the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo |
title_sort | cgef-1 and chin-1 regulate cdc-42 activity during asymmetric division in the caenorhabditis elegans embryo |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2808230/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19923324 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-01-0060 |
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