Cargando…

Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis

Brain signaling is a crucial event for the body to mount an appropriate response to invading microorganisms. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are released from infected tissues and reach key structures in the brain via the circumventricular organs, areas of damaged blood brain barrier or they cross active...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Akrout, Najla, Sharshar, Tarek, Annane, Djillali
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20514209
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015909790031175
_version_ 1782176802477703168
author Akrout, Najla
Sharshar, Tarek
Annane, Djillali
author_facet Akrout, Najla
Sharshar, Tarek
Annane, Djillali
author_sort Akrout, Najla
collection PubMed
description Brain signaling is a crucial event for the body to mount an appropriate response to invading microorganisms. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are released from infected tissues and reach key structures in the brain via the circumventricular organs, areas of damaged blood brain barrier or they cross actively the blood brain barrier using specific carriers. Alternately, cytokines may activate brain endothelial cells or microglial to produce prostaglandins which then diffuse into the brain to activate neurons. Finally, cytokines may activate the autonomic nervous system at the periphery. The following crosstalk between astrocytes and microglial precedes neuronal activation particularly within the hippocampus, amygdale and hypothalamus. The resulting release of neuro-hormones in the systemic circulation allows restoration of homeostasis. It is likely that an excess in nitric oxide and complement anaphylatoxin C5a contributes to DNA damage within neurons of the hippocampus and hypothalamus and subsequent brain dysfunction.
format Text
id pubmed-2811863
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2009
publisher Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-28118632010-06-01 Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis Akrout, Najla Sharshar, Tarek Annane, Djillali Curr Neuropharmacol Article Brain signaling is a crucial event for the body to mount an appropriate response to invading microorganisms. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are released from infected tissues and reach key structures in the brain via the circumventricular organs, areas of damaged blood brain barrier or they cross actively the blood brain barrier using specific carriers. Alternately, cytokines may activate brain endothelial cells or microglial to produce prostaglandins which then diffuse into the brain to activate neurons. Finally, cytokines may activate the autonomic nervous system at the periphery. The following crosstalk between astrocytes and microglial precedes neuronal activation particularly within the hippocampus, amygdale and hypothalamus. The resulting release of neuro-hormones in the systemic circulation allows restoration of homeostasis. It is likely that an excess in nitric oxide and complement anaphylatoxin C5a contributes to DNA damage within neurons of the hippocampus and hypothalamus and subsequent brain dysfunction. Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 2009-12 /pmc/articles/PMC2811863/ /pubmed/20514209 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015909790031175 Text en ©2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Akrout, Najla
Sharshar, Tarek
Annane, Djillali
Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title_full Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title_fullStr Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title_short Mechanisms of Brain Signaling During Sepsis
title_sort mechanisms of brain signaling during sepsis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2811863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20514209
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015909790031175
work_keys_str_mv AT akroutnajla mechanismsofbrainsignalingduringsepsis
AT sharshartarek mechanismsofbrainsignalingduringsepsis
AT annanedjillali mechanismsofbrainsignalingduringsepsis