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Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility
Amoeboid motility requires spatiotemporal coordination of biochemical pathways regulating force generation and consists of the quasi-periodic repetition of a motility cycle driven by actin polymerization and actomyosin contraction. Using new analytical tools and statistical methods, we provide, for...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2814786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19955212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-08-0703 |
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author | Meili, Ruedi Alonso-Latorre, Baldomero del Álamo, Juan C. Firtel, Richard A. Lasheras, Juan C. |
author_facet | Meili, Ruedi Alonso-Latorre, Baldomero del Álamo, Juan C. Firtel, Richard A. Lasheras, Juan C. |
author_sort | Meili, Ruedi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Amoeboid motility requires spatiotemporal coordination of biochemical pathways regulating force generation and consists of the quasi-periodic repetition of a motility cycle driven by actin polymerization and actomyosin contraction. Using new analytical tools and statistical methods, we provide, for the first time, a statistically significant quantification of the spatial distribution of the traction forces generated at each phase of the cycle (protrusion, contraction, retraction, and relaxation). We show that cells are constantly under tensional stress and that wild-type cells develop two opposing “pole” forces pulling the front and back toward the center whose strength is modulated up and down periodically in each cycle. We demonstrate that nonmuscular myosin II complex (MyoII) cross-linking and motor functions have different roles in controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of traction forces, the changes in cell shape, and the duration of all the phases. We show that the time required to complete each phase is dramatically increased in cells with altered MyoII motor function, demonstrating that it is required not only for contraction but also for protrusion. Concomitant loss of MyoII actin cross-linking leads to a force redistribution throughout the cell perimeter pulling inward toward the center. However, it does not reduce significantly the magnitude of the traction forces, uncovering a non–MyoII-mediated mechanism for the contractility of the cell. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2814786 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-28147862010-04-16 Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility Meili, Ruedi Alonso-Latorre, Baldomero del Álamo, Juan C. Firtel, Richard A. Lasheras, Juan C. Mol Biol Cell Articles Amoeboid motility requires spatiotemporal coordination of biochemical pathways regulating force generation and consists of the quasi-periodic repetition of a motility cycle driven by actin polymerization and actomyosin contraction. Using new analytical tools and statistical methods, we provide, for the first time, a statistically significant quantification of the spatial distribution of the traction forces generated at each phase of the cycle (protrusion, contraction, retraction, and relaxation). We show that cells are constantly under tensional stress and that wild-type cells develop two opposing “pole” forces pulling the front and back toward the center whose strength is modulated up and down periodically in each cycle. We demonstrate that nonmuscular myosin II complex (MyoII) cross-linking and motor functions have different roles in controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of traction forces, the changes in cell shape, and the duration of all the phases. We show that the time required to complete each phase is dramatically increased in cells with altered MyoII motor function, demonstrating that it is required not only for contraction but also for protrusion. Concomitant loss of MyoII actin cross-linking leads to a force redistribution throughout the cell perimeter pulling inward toward the center. However, it does not reduce significantly the magnitude of the traction forces, uncovering a non–MyoII-mediated mechanism for the contractility of the cell. The American Society for Cell Biology 2010-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC2814786/ /pubmed/19955212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-08-0703 Text en © 2010 by The American Society for Cell Biology |
spellingShingle | Articles Meili, Ruedi Alonso-Latorre, Baldomero del Álamo, Juan C. Firtel, Richard A. Lasheras, Juan C. Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title | Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title_full | Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title_fullStr | Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title_full_unstemmed | Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title_short | Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility |
title_sort | myosin ii is essential for the spatiotemporal organization of traction forces during cell motility |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2814786/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19955212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E09-08-0703 |
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