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Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings

BACKGROUND: The impact of infection with HIV on the risk of cancer in children is uncertain, particularly for those living in sub-Saharan Africa. In an ongoing study in a paediatric oncology centre in Malawi, children (aged ≤ 15 years) with known or suspected cancers are being recruited and tested f...

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Autores principales: Mutalima, Nora, Molyneux, Elizabeth M, Johnston, William T, Jaffe, Harold W, Kamiza, Steve, Borgstein, Eric, Mkandawire, Nyengo, Liomba, George N, Batumba, Mkume, Carpenter, Lucy M, Newton, Robert
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20152034
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1750-9378-5-5
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author Mutalima, Nora
Molyneux, Elizabeth M
Johnston, William T
Jaffe, Harold W
Kamiza, Steve
Borgstein, Eric
Mkandawire, Nyengo
Liomba, George N
Batumba, Mkume
Carpenter, Lucy M
Newton, Robert
author_facet Mutalima, Nora
Molyneux, Elizabeth M
Johnston, William T
Jaffe, Harold W
Kamiza, Steve
Borgstein, Eric
Mkandawire, Nyengo
Liomba, George N
Batumba, Mkume
Carpenter, Lucy M
Newton, Robert
author_sort Mutalima, Nora
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The impact of infection with HIV on the risk of cancer in children is uncertain, particularly for those living in sub-Saharan Africa. In an ongoing study in a paediatric oncology centre in Malawi, children (aged ≤ 15 years) with known or suspected cancers are being recruited and tested for HIV and their mothers or carers interviewed. This study reports findings for children recruited between 2005 and 2008. METHODS: Only children with a cancer diagnosis were included. Odds ratios (OR) for being HIV positive were estimated for each cancer type (with adjustment for age (<5 years, ≥ 5 years) and sex) using children with other cancers and non-malignant conditions as a comparison group (excluding the known HIV-associated cancers, Kaposi sarcoma and lymphomas, as well as children with other haematological malignancies or with confirmed non-cancer diagnoses). RESULTS: Of the 586 children recruited, 541 (92%) met the inclusion criteria and 525 (97%) were tested for HIV. Overall HIV seroprevalence was 10%. Infection with HIV was associated with Kaposi sarcoma (29 cases; OR = 93.5, 95% CI 26.9 to 324.4) and with non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (33 cases; OR = 4.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 17.9) but not with Burkitt lymphoma (269 cases; OR = 2.2, 95% CI 0.8 to 6.4). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, only Kaposi sarcoma and non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma were associated with HIV infection. The endemic form of Burkitt lymphoma, which is relatively frequent in Malawi, was not significantly associated with HIV. While the relatively small numbers of children with other cancers, together with possible limitations of diagnostic testing may limit our conclusions, the findings may suggest differences in the pathogenesis of HIV-related malignancies in different parts of the world.
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spelling pubmed-28318502010-03-04 Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings Mutalima, Nora Molyneux, Elizabeth M Johnston, William T Jaffe, Harold W Kamiza, Steve Borgstein, Eric Mkandawire, Nyengo Liomba, George N Batumba, Mkume Carpenter, Lucy M Newton, Robert Infect Agent Cancer Research Article BACKGROUND: The impact of infection with HIV on the risk of cancer in children is uncertain, particularly for those living in sub-Saharan Africa. In an ongoing study in a paediatric oncology centre in Malawi, children (aged ≤ 15 years) with known or suspected cancers are being recruited and tested for HIV and their mothers or carers interviewed. This study reports findings for children recruited between 2005 and 2008. METHODS: Only children with a cancer diagnosis were included. Odds ratios (OR) for being HIV positive were estimated for each cancer type (with adjustment for age (<5 years, ≥ 5 years) and sex) using children with other cancers and non-malignant conditions as a comparison group (excluding the known HIV-associated cancers, Kaposi sarcoma and lymphomas, as well as children with other haematological malignancies or with confirmed non-cancer diagnoses). RESULTS: Of the 586 children recruited, 541 (92%) met the inclusion criteria and 525 (97%) were tested for HIV. Overall HIV seroprevalence was 10%. Infection with HIV was associated with Kaposi sarcoma (29 cases; OR = 93.5, 95% CI 26.9 to 324.4) and with non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (33 cases; OR = 4.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 17.9) but not with Burkitt lymphoma (269 cases; OR = 2.2, 95% CI 0.8 to 6.4). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, only Kaposi sarcoma and non-Burkitt, non-Hodgkin lymphoma were associated with HIV infection. The endemic form of Burkitt lymphoma, which is relatively frequent in Malawi, was not significantly associated with HIV. While the relatively small numbers of children with other cancers, together with possible limitations of diagnostic testing may limit our conclusions, the findings may suggest differences in the pathogenesis of HIV-related malignancies in different parts of the world. BioMed Central 2010-02-12 /pmc/articles/PMC2831850/ /pubmed/20152034 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1750-9378-5-5 Text en Copyright ©2010 Mutalima et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mutalima, Nora
Molyneux, Elizabeth M
Johnston, William T
Jaffe, Harold W
Kamiza, Steve
Borgstein, Eric
Mkandawire, Nyengo
Liomba, George N
Batumba, Mkume
Carpenter, Lucy M
Newton, Robert
Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title_full Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title_fullStr Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title_full_unstemmed Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title_short Impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) on the risk of cancer among children in Malawi - preliminary findings
title_sort impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv) on the risk of cancer among children in malawi - preliminary findings
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20152034
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1750-9378-5-5
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