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Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response

Scorpion venoms consist of a complex of several toxins that exhibit a wide range of biological properties and actions, as well as chemical compositions, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. These venoms are associated with high morbility and mortality, especially among...

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Autor principal: Petricevich, Vera L.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2838227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20300540
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/903295
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author Petricevich, Vera L.
author_facet Petricevich, Vera L.
author_sort Petricevich, Vera L.
collection PubMed
description Scorpion venoms consist of a complex of several toxins that exhibit a wide range of biological properties and actions, as well as chemical compositions, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. These venoms are associated with high morbility and mortality, especially among children. Victims of envenoming by a scorpion suffer a variety of pathologies, involving mainly both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation as well as central manifestations such as irritability, hyperthermia, vomiting, profuse salivation, tremor, and convulsion. The clinical signs and symptoms observed in humans and experimental animals are related with an excessive systemic host inflammatory response to stings and stings, respectively. Although the pathophysiology of envenomation is complex and not yet fully understood, venom and immune responses are known to trigger the release of inflammatory mediators that are largely mediated by cytokines. In models of severe systemic inflammation produced by injection of high doses of venom or venoms products, the increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines significantly contributes to immunological imbalance, multiple organ dysfunction and death. The cytokines initiate a cascade of events that lead to illness behaviors such as fever, anorexia, and also physiological events in the host such as activation of vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased of vessel permeability.
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spelling pubmed-28382272010-03-18 Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response Petricevich, Vera L. Mediators Inflamm Review Article Scorpion venoms consist of a complex of several toxins that exhibit a wide range of biological properties and actions, as well as chemical compositions, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. These venoms are associated with high morbility and mortality, especially among children. Victims of envenoming by a scorpion suffer a variety of pathologies, involving mainly both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation as well as central manifestations such as irritability, hyperthermia, vomiting, profuse salivation, tremor, and convulsion. The clinical signs and symptoms observed in humans and experimental animals are related with an excessive systemic host inflammatory response to stings and stings, respectively. Although the pathophysiology of envenomation is complex and not yet fully understood, venom and immune responses are known to trigger the release of inflammatory mediators that are largely mediated by cytokines. In models of severe systemic inflammation produced by injection of high doses of venom or venoms products, the increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines significantly contributes to immunological imbalance, multiple organ dysfunction and death. The cytokines initiate a cascade of events that lead to illness behaviors such as fever, anorexia, and also physiological events in the host such as activation of vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased of vessel permeability. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2010 2010-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC2838227/ /pubmed/20300540 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/903295 Text en Copyright © 2010 Vera L. Petricevich. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Petricevich, Vera L.
Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title_full Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title_fullStr Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title_full_unstemmed Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title_short Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response
title_sort scorpion venom and the inflammatory response
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2838227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20300540
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/903295
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