A central role for the lateral prefrontal cortex in goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention

Attention selects which sensory information is preferentially processed and ultimately reaches our awareness. Attention, however, is not a unitary process: It can be captured by unexpected or salient events (stimulus-driven) or it can be deployed under voluntary control (goal-directed), and these two forms of attention are implemented by largely distinct ventral and dorsal parieto-frontal networks. Yet, for coherent behavior and awareness to emerge, stimulus-driven and goal-directed behavior must ultimately interact. Here we show that the ventral, but not dorsal, network can account for stimulus-driven attentional limits to conscious perception, and that it is in the lateral prefrontal component of that network where stimulus-driven and goal-directed attention converge. Although these results do not rule out dorsal network involvement in awareness when goal-directed task demands are present, they point to a general role for the lateral prefrontal cortex in the control of attention and awareness.