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Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village

BACKGROUND: There have been no previous studies of the long-term survival and temporal changes in plasma viral load among HIV-2 infected subjects. METHODS: 133 HIV-2 infected and 158 HIV-uninfected subjects from a rural area in North-west Guinea-Bissau, West Africa were enrolled into a prospective c...

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Autores principales: van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim, Larke, Natasha, Kaye, Steve, Berry, Neil, Ariyoshi, Koya, Alabi, Abraham, van Tienen, Carla, Leligdowicz, Aleksandra, Sarge-Njie, Ramu, da Silva, Zacharias, Jaye, Assan, Ricard, Dominique, Vincent, Tim, Jones, Sarah Rowland, Aaby, Peter, Jaffar, Shabbar, Whittle, Hilton
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20482865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-7-46
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author van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim
Larke, Natasha
Kaye, Steve
Berry, Neil
Ariyoshi, Koya
Alabi, Abraham
van Tienen, Carla
Leligdowicz, Aleksandra
Sarge-Njie, Ramu
da Silva, Zacharias
Jaye, Assan
Ricard, Dominique
Vincent, Tim
Jones, Sarah Rowland
Aaby, Peter
Jaffar, Shabbar
Whittle, Hilton
author_facet van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim
Larke, Natasha
Kaye, Steve
Berry, Neil
Ariyoshi, Koya
Alabi, Abraham
van Tienen, Carla
Leligdowicz, Aleksandra
Sarge-Njie, Ramu
da Silva, Zacharias
Jaye, Assan
Ricard, Dominique
Vincent, Tim
Jones, Sarah Rowland
Aaby, Peter
Jaffar, Shabbar
Whittle, Hilton
author_sort van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There have been no previous studies of the long-term survival and temporal changes in plasma viral load among HIV-2 infected subjects. METHODS: 133 HIV-2 infected and 158 HIV-uninfected subjects from a rural area in North-west Guinea-Bissau, West Africa were enrolled into a prospective cohort study in 1991 and followed-up to mid-2009. Data were collected on four occasions during that period on HIV antibodies, CD4% and HIV-2 plasma viral load. RESULTS: Median age (interquartile range [IQR]) of HIV-2 infected subjects at time of enrollment was 47 (36, 60) years, similar to that of HIV-uninfected control subjects, 49 (38, 62) (p = 0.4). Median (IQR) plasma viral load and CD4 percentage were 347 (50, 4,300) copies/ml and 29 (22, 35) respectively. Overall loss to follow-up to assess vital status was small, at 6.7% and 6.3% for HIV-2 infected and uninfected subjects respectively. An additional 17 (12.8%) and 16 (10.1%) of HIV-2 infected and uninfected subjects respectively were censored during follow-up due to infection with HIV-1. The mortality rate per 100 person-years (95% CI) was 4.5 (3.6, 5.8) among HIV-2 infected subjects compared to 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) among HIV-uninfected (age-sex adjusted rate ratio 1.9 (1.3, 2.8, p < 0.001) representing a 2-fold excess mortality rate associated with HIV-2 infection. Viral load measurements were available for 98%, 78%, 77% and 61% HIV-2 infected subjects who were alive and had not become super-infected with HIV-1, in 1991, 1996, 2003 and 2006 respectively. Median plasma viral load (RNA copies per ml) (IQR) did not change significantly over time, being 150 (50, 1,554; n = 77) in 1996, 203 (50, 2,837; n = 47) in 2003 and 171 (50, 497; n = 31) in 2006. Thirty seven percent of HIV-2 subjects had undetectable viraemia (<100 copies/ml) at baseline: strikingly, mortality in this group was similar to that of the general population. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of HIV-2 infected subjects in this cohort have stable plasma viral load, and those with an undetectable viral load (37%) at study entry had a normal survival rate. However, the sequential laboratory findings need to be interpreted with caution given the number of individuals who could not be re-examined.
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spelling pubmed-28873822010-06-18 Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim Larke, Natasha Kaye, Steve Berry, Neil Ariyoshi, Koya Alabi, Abraham van Tienen, Carla Leligdowicz, Aleksandra Sarge-Njie, Ramu da Silva, Zacharias Jaye, Assan Ricard, Dominique Vincent, Tim Jones, Sarah Rowland Aaby, Peter Jaffar, Shabbar Whittle, Hilton Retrovirology Research BACKGROUND: There have been no previous studies of the long-term survival and temporal changes in plasma viral load among HIV-2 infected subjects. METHODS: 133 HIV-2 infected and 158 HIV-uninfected subjects from a rural area in North-west Guinea-Bissau, West Africa were enrolled into a prospective cohort study in 1991 and followed-up to mid-2009. Data were collected on four occasions during that period on HIV antibodies, CD4% and HIV-2 plasma viral load. RESULTS: Median age (interquartile range [IQR]) of HIV-2 infected subjects at time of enrollment was 47 (36, 60) years, similar to that of HIV-uninfected control subjects, 49 (38, 62) (p = 0.4). Median (IQR) plasma viral load and CD4 percentage were 347 (50, 4,300) copies/ml and 29 (22, 35) respectively. Overall loss to follow-up to assess vital status was small, at 6.7% and 6.3% for HIV-2 infected and uninfected subjects respectively. An additional 17 (12.8%) and 16 (10.1%) of HIV-2 infected and uninfected subjects respectively were censored during follow-up due to infection with HIV-1. The mortality rate per 100 person-years (95% CI) was 4.5 (3.6, 5.8) among HIV-2 infected subjects compared to 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) among HIV-uninfected (age-sex adjusted rate ratio 1.9 (1.3, 2.8, p < 0.001) representing a 2-fold excess mortality rate associated with HIV-2 infection. Viral load measurements were available for 98%, 78%, 77% and 61% HIV-2 infected subjects who were alive and had not become super-infected with HIV-1, in 1991, 1996, 2003 and 2006 respectively. Median plasma viral load (RNA copies per ml) (IQR) did not change significantly over time, being 150 (50, 1,554; n = 77) in 1996, 203 (50, 2,837; n = 47) in 2003 and 171 (50, 497; n = 31) in 2006. Thirty seven percent of HIV-2 subjects had undetectable viraemia (<100 copies/ml) at baseline: strikingly, mortality in this group was similar to that of the general population. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of HIV-2 infected subjects in this cohort have stable plasma viral load, and those with an undetectable viral load (37%) at study entry had a normal survival rate. However, the sequential laboratory findings need to be interpreted with caution given the number of individuals who could not be re-examined. BioMed Central 2010-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC2887382/ /pubmed/20482865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-7-46 Text en Copyright ©2010 Loeff et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
van der Loeff, Maarten F Schim
Larke, Natasha
Kaye, Steve
Berry, Neil
Ariyoshi, Koya
Alabi, Abraham
van Tienen, Carla
Leligdowicz, Aleksandra
Sarge-Njie, Ramu
da Silva, Zacharias
Jaye, Assan
Ricard, Dominique
Vincent, Tim
Jones, Sarah Rowland
Aaby, Peter
Jaffar, Shabbar
Whittle, Hilton
Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title_full Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title_fullStr Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title_full_unstemmed Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title_short Undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in HIV-2-infected people in a West African village
title_sort undetectable plasma viral load predicts normal survival in hiv-2-infected people in a west african village
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887382/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20482865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-7-46
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