Cargando…
Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 170 million people worldwide, and is a major public health problem in Brazil, where over 1% of the population may be infected and where multiple viral genotypes co-circulate. Chronically infected individuals are both the source of transmission to others and are at ris...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2010
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20585651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011170 |
_version_ | 1782182789603393536 |
---|---|
author | Romano, Camila Malta de Carvalho-Mello, Isabel M. V. Guedes Jamal, Leda F. de Melo, Fernando Lucas Iamarino, Atila Motoki, Marco Pinho, João Renato Rebello Holmes, Edward C. Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade |
author_facet | Romano, Camila Malta de Carvalho-Mello, Isabel M. V. Guedes Jamal, Leda F. de Melo, Fernando Lucas Iamarino, Atila Motoki, Marco Pinho, João Renato Rebello Holmes, Edward C. Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade |
author_sort | Romano, Camila Malta |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 170 million people worldwide, and is a major public health problem in Brazil, where over 1% of the population may be infected and where multiple viral genotypes co-circulate. Chronically infected individuals are both the source of transmission to others and are at risk for HCV-related diseases, such as liver cancer and cirrhosis. Before the adoption of anti-HCV control measures in blood banks, this virus was mainly transmitted via blood transfusion. Today, needle sharing among injecting drug users is the most common form of HCV transmission. Of particular importance is that HCV prevalence is growing in non-risk groups. Since there is no vaccine against HCV, it is important to determine the factors that control viral transmission in order to develop more efficient control measures. However, despite the health costs associated with HCV, the factors that determine the spread of virus at the epidemiological scale are often poorly understood. Here, we sequenced partial NS5b gene sequences sampled from blood samples collected from 591 patients in São Paulo state, Brazil. We show that different viral genotypes entered São Paulo at different times, grew at different rates, and are associated with different age groups and risk behaviors. In particular, subtype 1b is older and grew more slowly than subtypes 1a and 3a, and is associated with multiple age classes. In contrast, subtypes 1a and 3b are associated with younger people infected more recently, possibly with higher rates of sexual transmission. The transmission dynamics of HCV in São Paulo therefore vary by subtype and are determined by a combination of age, risk exposure and underlying social network. We conclude that social factors may play a key role in determining the rate and pattern of HCV spread, and should influence future intervention policies. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2890415 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-28904152010-06-28 Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus Romano, Camila Malta de Carvalho-Mello, Isabel M. V. Guedes Jamal, Leda F. de Melo, Fernando Lucas Iamarino, Atila Motoki, Marco Pinho, João Renato Rebello Holmes, Edward C. Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade PLoS One Research Article Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 170 million people worldwide, and is a major public health problem in Brazil, where over 1% of the population may be infected and where multiple viral genotypes co-circulate. Chronically infected individuals are both the source of transmission to others and are at risk for HCV-related diseases, such as liver cancer and cirrhosis. Before the adoption of anti-HCV control measures in blood banks, this virus was mainly transmitted via blood transfusion. Today, needle sharing among injecting drug users is the most common form of HCV transmission. Of particular importance is that HCV prevalence is growing in non-risk groups. Since there is no vaccine against HCV, it is important to determine the factors that control viral transmission in order to develop more efficient control measures. However, despite the health costs associated with HCV, the factors that determine the spread of virus at the epidemiological scale are often poorly understood. Here, we sequenced partial NS5b gene sequences sampled from blood samples collected from 591 patients in São Paulo state, Brazil. We show that different viral genotypes entered São Paulo at different times, grew at different rates, and are associated with different age groups and risk behaviors. In particular, subtype 1b is older and grew more slowly than subtypes 1a and 3a, and is associated with multiple age classes. In contrast, subtypes 1a and 3b are associated with younger people infected more recently, possibly with higher rates of sexual transmission. The transmission dynamics of HCV in São Paulo therefore vary by subtype and are determined by a combination of age, risk exposure and underlying social network. We conclude that social factors may play a key role in determining the rate and pattern of HCV spread, and should influence future intervention policies. Public Library of Science 2010-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC2890415/ /pubmed/20585651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011170 Text en Romano et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Romano, Camila Malta de Carvalho-Mello, Isabel M. V. Guedes Jamal, Leda F. de Melo, Fernando Lucas Iamarino, Atila Motoki, Marco Pinho, João Renato Rebello Holmes, Edward C. Zanotto, Paolo Marinho de Andrade Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title | Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title_full | Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title_fullStr | Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title_full_unstemmed | Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title_short | Social Networks Shape the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis C Virus |
title_sort | social networks shape the transmission dynamics of hepatitis c virus |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20585651 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011170 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT romanocamilamalta socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT decarvalhomelloisabelmvguedes socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT jamalledaf socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT demelofernandolucas socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT iamarinoatila socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT motokimarco socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT pinhojoaorenatorebello socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT holmesedwardc socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT zanottopaolomarinhodeandrade socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus AT socialnetworksshapethetransmissiondynamicsofhepatitiscvirus |