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Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult

BACKGROUND: To adapt to its changing dietary environment, the digestive tract is extensively remodeled from the embryo to the adult during vertebrate development. Xenopus laevis metamorphosis is an excellent model system for studying mammalian gastrointestinal development and is used to determine th...

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Autores principales: Heimeier, Rachel A, Das, Biswajit, Buchholz, Daniel R, Fiorentino, Maria, Shi, Yun-Bo
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20482879
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-r55
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author Heimeier, Rachel A
Das, Biswajit
Buchholz, Daniel R
Fiorentino, Maria
Shi, Yun-Bo
author_facet Heimeier, Rachel A
Das, Biswajit
Buchholz, Daniel R
Fiorentino, Maria
Shi, Yun-Bo
author_sort Heimeier, Rachel A
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To adapt to its changing dietary environment, the digestive tract is extensively remodeled from the embryo to the adult during vertebrate development. Xenopus laevis metamorphosis is an excellent model system for studying mammalian gastrointestinal development and is used to determine the genes and signaling programs essential for intestinal development and maturation. RESULTS: The metamorphosing intestine can be divided into four distinct developmental time points and these were analyzed with X. laevis microarrays. Due to the high level of conservation in developmental signaling programs and homology to mammalian genes, annotations and bioinformatics analysis were based on human orthologs. Clustering of the expression patterns revealed co-expressed genes involved in essential cell processes such as apoptosis and proliferation. The two largest clusters of genes have expression peaks and troughs at the climax of metamorphosis, respectively. Novel conserved gene ontology categories regulated during this period include transcriptional activity, signal transduction, and metabolic processes. Additionally, we identified larval/embryo- and adult-specific genes. Detailed analysis revealed 17 larval specific genes that may represent molecular markers for human colonic cancers, while many adult specific genes are associated with dietary enzymes. CONCLUSIONS: This global developmental expression study provides the first detailed molecular description of intestinal remodeling and maturation during postembryonic development, which should help improve our understanding of intestinal organogenesis and human diseases. This study significantly contributes towards our understanding of the dynamics of molecular regulation during development and tissue renewal, which is important for future basic and clinical research and for medicinal applications.
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spelling pubmed-28980762010-07-07 Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult Heimeier, Rachel A Das, Biswajit Buchholz, Daniel R Fiorentino, Maria Shi, Yun-Bo Genome Biol Research BACKGROUND: To adapt to its changing dietary environment, the digestive tract is extensively remodeled from the embryo to the adult during vertebrate development. Xenopus laevis metamorphosis is an excellent model system for studying mammalian gastrointestinal development and is used to determine the genes and signaling programs essential for intestinal development and maturation. RESULTS: The metamorphosing intestine can be divided into four distinct developmental time points and these were analyzed with X. laevis microarrays. Due to the high level of conservation in developmental signaling programs and homology to mammalian genes, annotations and bioinformatics analysis were based on human orthologs. Clustering of the expression patterns revealed co-expressed genes involved in essential cell processes such as apoptosis and proliferation. The two largest clusters of genes have expression peaks and troughs at the climax of metamorphosis, respectively. Novel conserved gene ontology categories regulated during this period include transcriptional activity, signal transduction, and metabolic processes. Additionally, we identified larval/embryo- and adult-specific genes. Detailed analysis revealed 17 larval specific genes that may represent molecular markers for human colonic cancers, while many adult specific genes are associated with dietary enzymes. CONCLUSIONS: This global developmental expression study provides the first detailed molecular description of intestinal remodeling and maturation during postembryonic development, which should help improve our understanding of intestinal organogenesis and human diseases. This study significantly contributes towards our understanding of the dynamics of molecular regulation during development and tissue renewal, which is important for future basic and clinical research and for medicinal applications. BioMed Central 2010 2010-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC2898076/ /pubmed/20482879 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-r55 Text en Copyright ©2010 Heimeier et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Heimeier, Rachel A
Das, Biswajit
Buchholz, Daniel R
Fiorentino, Maria
Shi, Yun-Bo
Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title_full Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title_fullStr Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title_full_unstemmed Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title_short Studies on Xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
title_sort studies on xenopus laevis intestine reveal biological pathways underlying vertebrate gut adaptation from embryo to adult
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20482879
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-r55
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