Cargando…

Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics

A fundamental goal in vision science is to determine how many neurons in how many areas are required to compute a coherent interpretation of the visual scene. Here I propose six principles of cortical dynamics of visual processing in the first 150 ms following the appearance of a visual stimulus. Fa...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Roland, Per E.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Research Foundation 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906257/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20661451
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2010.00028
_version_ 1782184015845916672
author Roland, Per E.
author_facet Roland, Per E.
author_sort Roland, Per E.
collection PubMed
description A fundamental goal in vision science is to determine how many neurons in how many areas are required to compute a coherent interpretation of the visual scene. Here I propose six principles of cortical dynamics of visual processing in the first 150 ms following the appearance of a visual stimulus. Fast synaptic communication between neurons depends on the driving neurons and the biophysical history and driving forces of the target neurons. Under these constraints, the retina communicates changes in the field of view driving large populations of neurons in visual areas into a dynamic sequence of feed-forward communication and integration of the inward current of the change signal into the dendrites of higher order area neurons (30–70 ms). Simultaneously an even larger number of neurons within each area receiving feed-forward input are pre-excited to sub-threshold levels. The higher order area neurons communicate the results of their computations as feedback adding inward current to the excited and pre-excited neurons in lower areas. This feedback reconciles computational differences between higher and lower areas (75–120 ms). This brings the lower area neurons into a new dynamic regime characterized by reduced driving forces and sparse firing reflecting the visual areas interpretation of the current scene (140 ms). The population membrane potentials and net-inward/outward currents and firing are well behaved at the mesoscopic scale, such that the decoding in retinotopic cortical space shows the visual areas’ interpretation of the current scene. These dynamics have plausible biophysical explanations. The principles are theoretical, predictive, supported by recent experiments and easily lend themselves to experimental tests or computational modeling.
format Text
id pubmed-2906257
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2010
publisher Frontiers Research Foundation
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-29062572010-07-26 Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics Roland, Per E. Front Syst Neurosci Neuroscience A fundamental goal in vision science is to determine how many neurons in how many areas are required to compute a coherent interpretation of the visual scene. Here I propose six principles of cortical dynamics of visual processing in the first 150 ms following the appearance of a visual stimulus. Fast synaptic communication between neurons depends on the driving neurons and the biophysical history and driving forces of the target neurons. Under these constraints, the retina communicates changes in the field of view driving large populations of neurons in visual areas into a dynamic sequence of feed-forward communication and integration of the inward current of the change signal into the dendrites of higher order area neurons (30–70 ms). Simultaneously an even larger number of neurons within each area receiving feed-forward input are pre-excited to sub-threshold levels. The higher order area neurons communicate the results of their computations as feedback adding inward current to the excited and pre-excited neurons in lower areas. This feedback reconciles computational differences between higher and lower areas (75–120 ms). This brings the lower area neurons into a new dynamic regime characterized by reduced driving forces and sparse firing reflecting the visual areas interpretation of the current scene (140 ms). The population membrane potentials and net-inward/outward currents and firing are well behaved at the mesoscopic scale, such that the decoding in retinotopic cortical space shows the visual areas’ interpretation of the current scene. These dynamics have plausible biophysical explanations. The principles are theoretical, predictive, supported by recent experiments and easily lend themselves to experimental tests or computational modeling. Frontiers Research Foundation 2010-07-02 /pmc/articles/PMC2906257/ /pubmed/20661451 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2010.00028 Text en Copyright © 2010 Roland. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to an exclusive license agreement between the authors and the Frontiers Research Foundation, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Roland, Per E.
Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title_full Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title_fullStr Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title_full_unstemmed Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title_short Six Principles of Visual Cortical Dynamics
title_sort six principles of visual cortical dynamics
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2906257/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20661451
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2010.00028
work_keys_str_mv AT rolandpere sixprinciplesofvisualcorticaldynamics