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Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Background. Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland that may mimic pituitary tumors clinically and radiologically. Case Description. We report a case of a xanthomatous hypophysitis initially diagnosed as pituitary adenoma. A 31-year-old woman presented with headache, diabetes...

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Autores principales: Aste, Laura, Bellinzona, Mattia, Meleddu, Veronica, Farci, Graziella, Manieli, Cristina, Godano, Umberto
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2910471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671950
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/195323
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author Aste, Laura
Bellinzona, Mattia
Meleddu, Veronica
Farci, Graziella
Manieli, Cristina
Godano, Umberto
author_facet Aste, Laura
Bellinzona, Mattia
Meleddu, Veronica
Farci, Graziella
Manieli, Cristina
Godano, Umberto
author_sort Aste, Laura
collection PubMed
description Background. Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland that may mimic pituitary tumors clinically and radiologically. Case Description. We report a case of a xanthomatous hypophysitis initially diagnosed as pituitary adenoma. A 31-year-old woman presented with headache, diabetes insipidus, and amenorrhea. A head CT scan showed no intrasellar changes, while an MRI scan showed a sellar cystic mass. An endocrinological work up revealed mild hypocortisolism and diabetes insipidus (DI). Transsphenoidal surgery was performed. The intraoperative histological examination suggested a pituitary adenoma. The removed tissue showed central necrosis surrounded by accumulation of foamy cells and xanthomatous epithelioid cells. The patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery, Nevertheless, DI persisted and the adenohypophysis hypofunction did not recover. Conclusion. We describe an unusual inflammatory lesion of the pituitary gland mimicking an adenoma. A high level of clinical suspicion of inflammatory disorders is necessary for correct diagnosis and optimal management.
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spelling pubmed-29104712010-07-29 Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature Aste, Laura Bellinzona, Mattia Meleddu, Veronica Farci, Graziella Manieli, Cristina Godano, Umberto J Oncol Case Report Background. Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland that may mimic pituitary tumors clinically and radiologically. Case Description. We report a case of a xanthomatous hypophysitis initially diagnosed as pituitary adenoma. A 31-year-old woman presented with headache, diabetes insipidus, and amenorrhea. A head CT scan showed no intrasellar changes, while an MRI scan showed a sellar cystic mass. An endocrinological work up revealed mild hypocortisolism and diabetes insipidus (DI). Transsphenoidal surgery was performed. The intraoperative histological examination suggested a pituitary adenoma. The removed tissue showed central necrosis surrounded by accumulation of foamy cells and xanthomatous epithelioid cells. The patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery, Nevertheless, DI persisted and the adenohypophysis hypofunction did not recover. Conclusion. We describe an unusual inflammatory lesion of the pituitary gland mimicking an adenoma. A high level of clinical suspicion of inflammatory disorders is necessary for correct diagnosis and optimal management. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2010 2010-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC2910471/ /pubmed/20671950 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/195323 Text en Copyright © 2010 Laura Aste et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Case Report
Aste, Laura
Bellinzona, Mattia
Meleddu, Veronica
Farci, Graziella
Manieli, Cristina
Godano, Umberto
Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_short Xanthomatous Hypophysitis Mimicking a Pituitary Adenoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_sort xanthomatous hypophysitis mimicking a pituitary adenoma: case report and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2910471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671950
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/195323
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