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HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection presently affects more that 40 million people worldwide, and is associated with central nervous system (CNS) disruption in at least 30% of infected individuals. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has lessened the incidence, but not the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lindl, Kathryn A., Marks, David R., Kolson, Dennis L., Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2914283/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20396973
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9205-z
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author Lindl, Kathryn A.
Marks, David R.
Kolson, Dennis L.
Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L.
author_facet Lindl, Kathryn A.
Marks, David R.
Kolson, Dennis L.
Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L.
author_sort Lindl, Kathryn A.
collection PubMed
description Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection presently affects more that 40 million people worldwide, and is associated with central nervous system (CNS) disruption in at least 30% of infected individuals. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has lessened the incidence, but not the prevalence of mild impairment of higher cognitive and cortical functions (HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders) as well as substantially reduced a more severe form dementia (HIV-associated dementia). Furthermore, improving neurological outcomes will require novel, adjunctive therapies that are targeted towards mechanisms of HIV-induced neurodegeneration. Identifying such molecular and pharmacological targets requires an understanding of the events preceding irreversible neuronal damage in the CNS, such as actions of neurotoxins (HIV proteins and cellular factors), disruption of ion channel properties, synaptic damage, and loss of adult neurogenesis. By considering the specific mechanisms and consequences of HIV neuropathogenesis, unified approaches for neuroprotection will likely emerge using a tailored, combined, and non-invasive approach.
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spelling pubmed-29142832010-08-09 HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities Lindl, Kathryn A. Marks, David R. Kolson, Dennis L. Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol Invited Review Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection presently affects more that 40 million people worldwide, and is associated with central nervous system (CNS) disruption in at least 30% of infected individuals. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has lessened the incidence, but not the prevalence of mild impairment of higher cognitive and cortical functions (HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders) as well as substantially reduced a more severe form dementia (HIV-associated dementia). Furthermore, improving neurological outcomes will require novel, adjunctive therapies that are targeted towards mechanisms of HIV-induced neurodegeneration. Identifying such molecular and pharmacological targets requires an understanding of the events preceding irreversible neuronal damage in the CNS, such as actions of neurotoxins (HIV proteins and cellular factors), disruption of ion channel properties, synaptic damage, and loss of adult neurogenesis. By considering the specific mechanisms and consequences of HIV neuropathogenesis, unified approaches for neuroprotection will likely emerge using a tailored, combined, and non-invasive approach. Springer US 2010-04-16 2010 /pmc/articles/PMC2914283/ /pubmed/20396973 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9205-z Text en © The Author(s) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Invited Review
Lindl, Kathryn A.
Marks, David R.
Kolson, Dennis L.
Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L.
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title_full HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title_fullStr HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title_full_unstemmed HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title_short HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities
title_sort hiv-associated neurocognitive disorder: pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities
topic Invited Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2914283/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20396973
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9205-z
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