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Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends
Plants under attack by aboveground herbivores emit complex blends of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Specific compounds in these blends are used by parasitic wasps to find their hosts. Belowground induction causes shifts in the composition of aboveground induced VOC blends, which affect the prefe...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer-Verlag
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2941087/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20737198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9844-9 |
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author | van Dam, Nicole M. Qiu, Bao-Li Hordijk, Cornelis A. Vet, Louise E. M. Jansen, Jeroen J. |
author_facet | van Dam, Nicole M. Qiu, Bao-Li Hordijk, Cornelis A. Vet, Louise E. M. Jansen, Jeroen J. |
author_sort | van Dam, Nicole M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plants under attack by aboveground herbivores emit complex blends of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Specific compounds in these blends are used by parasitic wasps to find their hosts. Belowground induction causes shifts in the composition of aboveground induced VOC blends, which affect the preference of parasitic wasps. To identify which of the many volatiles in the complex VOC blends may explain parasitoid preference poses a challenge to ecologists. Here, we present a case study in which we use a novel bioinformatics approach to identify biologically relevant differences between VOC blends of feral cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). The plants were induced aboveground or belowground with jasmonic acid (JA) and shoot feeding caterpillars (Pieris brassicae or P. rapae). We used Partial Least Squares—Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) to integrate and visualize the relation between plant-emitted VOCs and the preference of female Cotesia glomerata. Overall, female wasps preferred JA-induced plants over controls, but they strongly preferred aboveground JA-induced plants over belowground JA-induced plants. PLSDA revealed that the emission of several monoterpenes was enhanced similarly in all JA-treated plants, whereas homoterpenes and sesquiterpenes increased exclusively in aboveground JA-induced plants. Wasps may use the ratio between these two classes of terpenes to discriminate between aboveground and belowground induced plants. Additionally, it shows that aboveground applied JA induces different VOC biosynthetic pathways than JA applied to the root. Our bioinformatic approach, thus, successfully identified which VOCs matched the preferences of the wasps in the various choice tests. Additionally, the analysis generated novel hypotheses about the role of JA as a signaling compound in aboveground and belowground induced responses in plants. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2941087 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Springer-Verlag |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-29410872010-10-07 Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends van Dam, Nicole M. Qiu, Bao-Li Hordijk, Cornelis A. Vet, Louise E. M. Jansen, Jeroen J. J Chem Ecol Article Plants under attack by aboveground herbivores emit complex blends of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Specific compounds in these blends are used by parasitic wasps to find their hosts. Belowground induction causes shifts in the composition of aboveground induced VOC blends, which affect the preference of parasitic wasps. To identify which of the many volatiles in the complex VOC blends may explain parasitoid preference poses a challenge to ecologists. Here, we present a case study in which we use a novel bioinformatics approach to identify biologically relevant differences between VOC blends of feral cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). The plants were induced aboveground or belowground with jasmonic acid (JA) and shoot feeding caterpillars (Pieris brassicae or P. rapae). We used Partial Least Squares—Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) to integrate and visualize the relation between plant-emitted VOCs and the preference of female Cotesia glomerata. Overall, female wasps preferred JA-induced plants over controls, but they strongly preferred aboveground JA-induced plants over belowground JA-induced plants. PLSDA revealed that the emission of several monoterpenes was enhanced similarly in all JA-treated plants, whereas homoterpenes and sesquiterpenes increased exclusively in aboveground JA-induced plants. Wasps may use the ratio between these two classes of terpenes to discriminate between aboveground and belowground induced plants. Additionally, it shows that aboveground applied JA induces different VOC biosynthetic pathways than JA applied to the root. Our bioinformatic approach, thus, successfully identified which VOCs matched the preferences of the wasps in the various choice tests. Additionally, the analysis generated novel hypotheses about the role of JA as a signaling compound in aboveground and belowground induced responses in plants. Springer-Verlag 2010-08-25 2010 /pmc/articles/PMC2941087/ /pubmed/20737198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9844-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Article van Dam, Nicole M. Qiu, Bao-Li Hordijk, Cornelis A. Vet, Louise E. M. Jansen, Jeroen J. Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title | Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title_full | Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title_fullStr | Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title_short | Identification of Biologically Relevant Compounds in Aboveground and Belowground Induced Volatile Blends |
title_sort | identification of biologically relevant compounds in aboveground and belowground induced volatile blends |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2941087/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20737198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9844-9 |
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