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Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes

BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation is a complex process involving cells from the immune system and the central nerve system (CNS). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant class of white blood cells, and typically the first type of leukocyte recruited to sites of inflammation. In the CNS...

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Autores principales: Xie, Luokun, Poteet, Ethan C, Li, Wenjun, Scott, Amanda E, Liu, Ran, Wen, Yi, Ghorpade, Anuja, Simpkins, James W, Yang, Shao-Hua
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2942816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20828397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-7-53
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author Xie, Luokun
Poteet, Ethan C
Li, Wenjun
Scott, Amanda E
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Ghorpade, Anuja
Simpkins, James W
Yang, Shao-Hua
author_facet Xie, Luokun
Poteet, Ethan C
Li, Wenjun
Scott, Amanda E
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Ghorpade, Anuja
Simpkins, James W
Yang, Shao-Hua
author_sort Xie, Luokun
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation is a complex process involving cells from the immune system and the central nerve system (CNS). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant class of white blood cells, and typically the first type of leukocyte recruited to sites of inflammation. In the CNS, astrocytes are the most abundant glial cell population and participate in the local innate immune response triggered by a variety of insults. In the present study, we investigated the impacts of astrocytes on PMN function. METHODS: Primary astrocyte cultures were derived from postnatal C57BL/6 mice and primary neutrophils were isolated from 8 to 12 weeks old C57BL/6 mice. PMNs respiratory burst was analyzed by H2DCFDA assay. For phagocytosis assay, neutrophils were incubated with FITC-labeled E. coli and the phagocytosis of E coli was determined by flow cytometer. PMNs degranulation was determined by myeloperoxidase assay. Cytokine expression was determined by real-time PCR. To determine the involvement of different signaling pathway, protein lysates were prepared and western blots were conducted to assess the activation of Akt, Erk1/2, and p38. RESULTS: Using ex vivo neutrophils and primary astrocyte cultures, our study demonstrated that astrocytes differentially regulate neutrophil functions, depending upon whether the interactions between the two cell types are direct or indirect. Upon direct cell-cell contact, astrocytes attenuate neutrophil apoptosis, respiratory bust, and degranulation, while enhancing neutrophil phagocytic capability and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Through indirect interaction with neutrophils, astrocytes attenuate apoptosis and enhance necrosis in neutrophils, augment neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst, and inhibit neutrophil degranulation. In addition, astrocytes could augment Akt, Erk1/2, and p38 activation in neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS: Astrocytes differentially regulate neutrophil functions through direct or indirect interactions between the two cell types. The diversified actions of astrocytes on neutrophils might provide protection against potential microbial infections given compromised blood-brain barrier integrity under certain neuropathological conditions. The complex actions of astrocytes on neutrophils could provide further insight to harness the inflammatory response to promote CNS repair.
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spelling pubmed-29428162010-09-21 Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes Xie, Luokun Poteet, Ethan C Li, Wenjun Scott, Amanda E Liu, Ran Wen, Yi Ghorpade, Anuja Simpkins, James W Yang, Shao-Hua J Neuroinflammation Research BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation is a complex process involving cells from the immune system and the central nerve system (CNS). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant class of white blood cells, and typically the first type of leukocyte recruited to sites of inflammation. In the CNS, astrocytes are the most abundant glial cell population and participate in the local innate immune response triggered by a variety of insults. In the present study, we investigated the impacts of astrocytes on PMN function. METHODS: Primary astrocyte cultures were derived from postnatal C57BL/6 mice and primary neutrophils were isolated from 8 to 12 weeks old C57BL/6 mice. PMNs respiratory burst was analyzed by H2DCFDA assay. For phagocytosis assay, neutrophils were incubated with FITC-labeled E. coli and the phagocytosis of E coli was determined by flow cytometer. PMNs degranulation was determined by myeloperoxidase assay. Cytokine expression was determined by real-time PCR. To determine the involvement of different signaling pathway, protein lysates were prepared and western blots were conducted to assess the activation of Akt, Erk1/2, and p38. RESULTS: Using ex vivo neutrophils and primary astrocyte cultures, our study demonstrated that astrocytes differentially regulate neutrophil functions, depending upon whether the interactions between the two cell types are direct or indirect. Upon direct cell-cell contact, astrocytes attenuate neutrophil apoptosis, respiratory bust, and degranulation, while enhancing neutrophil phagocytic capability and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Through indirect interaction with neutrophils, astrocytes attenuate apoptosis and enhance necrosis in neutrophils, augment neutrophil phagocytosis and respiratory burst, and inhibit neutrophil degranulation. In addition, astrocytes could augment Akt, Erk1/2, and p38 activation in neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS: Astrocytes differentially regulate neutrophil functions through direct or indirect interactions between the two cell types. The diversified actions of astrocytes on neutrophils might provide protection against potential microbial infections given compromised blood-brain barrier integrity under certain neuropathological conditions. The complex actions of astrocytes on neutrophils could provide further insight to harness the inflammatory response to promote CNS repair. BioMed Central 2010-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC2942816/ /pubmed/20828397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-7-53 Text en Copyright ©2010 Xie et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Xie, Luokun
Poteet, Ethan C
Li, Wenjun
Scott, Amanda E
Liu, Ran
Wen, Yi
Ghorpade, Anuja
Simpkins, James W
Yang, Shao-Hua
Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title_full Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title_fullStr Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title_full_unstemmed Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title_short Modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
title_sort modulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions by astrocytes
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2942816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20828397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-7-53
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