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The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria

The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycopro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ristl, Robin, Steiner, Kerstin, Zarschler, Kristof, Zayni, Sonja, Messner, Paul, Schäffer, Christina
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2943079/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20871840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870
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author Ristl, Robin
Steiner, Kerstin
Zarschler, Kristof
Zayni, Sonja
Messner, Paul
Schäffer, Christina
author_facet Ristl, Robin
Steiner, Kerstin
Zarschler, Kristof
Zayni, Sonja
Messner, Paul
Schäffer, Christina
author_sort Ristl, Robin
collection PubMed
description The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycoproteins of Gram-positive bacteria. S-layer glycoproteins have the unique feature of self-assembling into 2D lattices providing a display matrix for glycans with periodicity at the nanometer scale. Typically, bacterial S-layer glycans are O-glycosidically linked to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues, and they rely on a much wider variety of constituents, glycosidic linkage types, and structures than their eukaryotic counterparts. As the S-layer glycome of several bacteria is unravelling, a picture of how S-layer glycoproteins are biosynthesized is evolving. X-ray crystallography experiments allowed first insights into the catalysis mechanism of selected enzymes. In the future, it will be exciting to fully exploit the S-layer glycome for glycoengineering purposes and to link it to the bacterial interactome.
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spelling pubmed-29430792010-09-24 The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria Ristl, Robin Steiner, Kerstin Zarschler, Kristof Zayni, Sonja Messner, Paul Schäffer, Christina Int J Microbiol Review Article The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycoproteins of Gram-positive bacteria. S-layer glycoproteins have the unique feature of self-assembling into 2D lattices providing a display matrix for glycans with periodicity at the nanometer scale. Typically, bacterial S-layer glycans are O-glycosidically linked to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues, and they rely on a much wider variety of constituents, glycosidic linkage types, and structures than their eukaryotic counterparts. As the S-layer glycome of several bacteria is unravelling, a picture of how S-layer glycoproteins are biosynthesized is evolving. X-ray crystallography experiments allowed first insights into the catalysis mechanism of selected enzymes. In the future, it will be exciting to fully exploit the S-layer glycome for glycoengineering purposes and to link it to the bacterial interactome. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2010-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC2943079/ /pubmed/20871840 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870 Text en Copyright © 2011 Robin Ristl et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Ristl, Robin
Steiner, Kerstin
Zarschler, Kristof
Zayni, Sonja
Messner, Paul
Schäffer, Christina
The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title_full The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title_fullStr The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title_full_unstemmed The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title_short The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
title_sort s-layer glycome—adding to the sugar coat of bacteria
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2943079/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20871840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870
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