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Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids

Aphids are sap-feeding insects that host a range of bacterial endosymbionts including the obligate, nutritional mutualist Buchnera plus several bacteria that are not required for host survival. Among the latter, ‘Candidatus Regiella insecticola’ and ‘Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa’ are found in pea...

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Autores principales: Degnan, Patrick H, Leonardo, Teresa E, Cass, Bodil N, Hurwitz, Bonnie, Stern, David, Gibbs, Richard A, Richards, Stephen, Moran, Nancy A
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2955975/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966902
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02085.x
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author Degnan, Patrick H
Leonardo, Teresa E
Cass, Bodil N
Hurwitz, Bonnie
Stern, David
Gibbs, Richard A
Richards, Stephen
Moran, Nancy A
author_facet Degnan, Patrick H
Leonardo, Teresa E
Cass, Bodil N
Hurwitz, Bonnie
Stern, David
Gibbs, Richard A
Richards, Stephen
Moran, Nancy A
author_sort Degnan, Patrick H
collection PubMed
description Aphids are sap-feeding insects that host a range of bacterial endosymbionts including the obligate, nutritional mutualist Buchnera plus several bacteria that are not required for host survival. Among the latter, ‘Candidatus Regiella insecticola’ and ‘Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa’ are found in pea aphids and other hosts and have been shown to protect aphids from natural enemies. We have sequenced almost the entire genome of R. insecticola (2.07 Mbp) and compared it with the recently published genome of H. defensa (2.11 Mbp). Despite being sister species the two genomes are highly rearranged and the genomes only have ∼55% of genes in common. The functions encoded by the shared genes imply that the bacteria have similar metabolic capabilities, including only two essential amino acid biosynthetic pathways and active uptake mechanisms for the remaining eight, and similar capacities for host cell toxicity and invasion (type 3 secretion systems and RTX toxins). These observations, combined with high sequence divergence of orthologues, strongly suggest an ancient divergence after establishment of a symbiotic lifestyle. The divergence in gene sets and in genome architecture implies a history of rampant recombination and gene inactivation and the ongoing integration of mobile DNA (insertion sequence elements, prophage and plasmids).
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spelling pubmed-29559752010-10-23 Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids Degnan, Patrick H Leonardo, Teresa E Cass, Bodil N Hurwitz, Bonnie Stern, David Gibbs, Richard A Richards, Stephen Moran, Nancy A Environ Microbiol Research Articles Aphids are sap-feeding insects that host a range of bacterial endosymbionts including the obligate, nutritional mutualist Buchnera plus several bacteria that are not required for host survival. Among the latter, ‘Candidatus Regiella insecticola’ and ‘Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa’ are found in pea aphids and other hosts and have been shown to protect aphids from natural enemies. We have sequenced almost the entire genome of R. insecticola (2.07 Mbp) and compared it with the recently published genome of H. defensa (2.11 Mbp). Despite being sister species the two genomes are highly rearranged and the genomes only have ∼55% of genes in common. The functions encoded by the shared genes imply that the bacteria have similar metabolic capabilities, including only two essential amino acid biosynthetic pathways and active uptake mechanisms for the remaining eight, and similar capacities for host cell toxicity and invasion (type 3 secretion systems and RTX toxins). These observations, combined with high sequence divergence of orthologues, strongly suggest an ancient divergence after establishment of a symbiotic lifestyle. The divergence in gene sets and in genome architecture implies a history of rampant recombination and gene inactivation and the ongoing integration of mobile DNA (insertion sequence elements, prophage and plasmids). Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010-08 /pmc/articles/PMC2955975/ /pubmed/21966902 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02085.x Text en © 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Degnan, Patrick H
Leonardo, Teresa E
Cass, Bodil N
Hurwitz, Bonnie
Stern, David
Gibbs, Richard A
Richards, Stephen
Moran, Nancy A
Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title_full Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title_fullStr Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title_full_unstemmed Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title_short Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
title_sort dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2955975/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966902
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02085.x
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