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Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers

Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Crocker, Justin, Potter, Nathan, Erives, Albert
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981027
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102
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author Crocker, Justin
Potter, Nathan
Erives, Albert
author_facet Crocker, Justin
Potter, Nathan
Erives, Albert
author_sort Crocker, Justin
collection PubMed
description Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/ventral axis. NEEs share a unique arrangement of highly constrained DNA-binding sites for Dl, Twist (Twi), Snail (Sna) and Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), and encode the threshold variable in the precise length of DNA that separates one well-defined Dl element from a Twi element. However, NEEs also possess dense clusters of variant Dl sites. Here, we show that these increasingly variant sites are eclipsed relic elements, which were superseded by more recently evolved threshold encodings. Given the divergence in egg size during Drosophila lineage evolution, the observed characteristic clusters of divergent sites indicate a history of frequent selection for changes in threshold responses to the Dl morphogen gradient and confirm the NEE structure/function model.
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spelling pubmed-29638082010-11-05 Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers Crocker, Justin Potter, Nathan Erives, Albert Nat Commun Article Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/ventral axis. NEEs share a unique arrangement of highly constrained DNA-binding sites for Dl, Twist (Twi), Snail (Sna) and Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), and encode the threshold variable in the precise length of DNA that separates one well-defined Dl element from a Twi element. However, NEEs also possess dense clusters of variant Dl sites. Here, we show that these increasingly variant sites are eclipsed relic elements, which were superseded by more recently evolved threshold encodings. Given the divergence in egg size during Drosophila lineage evolution, the observed characteristic clusters of divergent sites indicate a history of frequent selection for changes in threshold responses to the Dl morphogen gradient and confirm the NEE structure/function model. Nature Publishing Group 2010-10 /pmc/articles/PMC2963808/ /pubmed/20981027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102 Text en Copyright © 2010, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
spellingShingle Article
Crocker, Justin
Potter, Nathan
Erives, Albert
Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title_full Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title_fullStr Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title_short Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
title_sort dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981027
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102
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