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Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers
Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2010
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102 |
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author | Crocker, Justin Potter, Nathan Erives, Albert |
author_facet | Crocker, Justin Potter, Nathan Erives, Albert |
author_sort | Crocker, Justin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/ventral axis. NEEs share a unique arrangement of highly constrained DNA-binding sites for Dl, Twist (Twi), Snail (Sna) and Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), and encode the threshold variable in the precise length of DNA that separates one well-defined Dl element from a Twi element. However, NEEs also possess dense clusters of variant Dl sites. Here, we show that these increasingly variant sites are eclipsed relic elements, which were superseded by more recently evolved threshold encodings. Given the divergence in egg size during Drosophila lineage evolution, the observed characteristic clusters of divergent sites indicate a history of frequent selection for changes in threshold responses to the Dl morphogen gradient and confirm the NEE structure/function model. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2963808 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-29638082010-11-05 Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers Crocker, Justin Potter, Nathan Erives, Albert Nat Commun Article Concentration gradients of morphogenic proteins pattern the embryonic axes of Drosophila by activating different genes at different concentrations. The neurogenic ectoderm enhancers (NEEs) activate different genes at different threshold levels of the Dorsal (Dl) morphogen, which patterns the dorsal/ventral axis. NEEs share a unique arrangement of highly constrained DNA-binding sites for Dl, Twist (Twi), Snail (Sna) and Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), and encode the threshold variable in the precise length of DNA that separates one well-defined Dl element from a Twi element. However, NEEs also possess dense clusters of variant Dl sites. Here, we show that these increasingly variant sites are eclipsed relic elements, which were superseded by more recently evolved threshold encodings. Given the divergence in egg size during Drosophila lineage evolution, the observed characteristic clusters of divergent sites indicate a history of frequent selection for changes in threshold responses to the Dl morphogen gradient and confirm the NEE structure/function model. Nature Publishing Group 2010-10 /pmc/articles/PMC2963808/ /pubmed/20981027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102 Text en Copyright © 2010, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Crocker, Justin Potter, Nathan Erives, Albert Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title | Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title_full | Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title_fullStr | Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title_short | Dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
title_sort | dynamic evolution of precise regulatory encodings creates the clustered site signature of enhancers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2963808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1102 |
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