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The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes
INTRODUCTION: The physiological signals that direct the division and differentiation of the zygote to form a blastocyst, and subsequent embryonic stem cell division and differentiation during early embryogenesis, are unknown. Although a number of growth factors, including the pregnancy-associated ho...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2010
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2983441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20836886 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/scrt28 |
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author | Gallego, Miguel J Porayette, Prashob Kaltcheva, Maria M Bowen, Richard L Vadakkadath Meethal, Sivan Atwood, Craig S |
author_facet | Gallego, Miguel J Porayette, Prashob Kaltcheva, Maria M Bowen, Richard L Vadakkadath Meethal, Sivan Atwood, Craig S |
author_sort | Gallego, Miguel J |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: The physiological signals that direct the division and differentiation of the zygote to form a blastocyst, and subsequent embryonic stem cell division and differentiation during early embryogenesis, are unknown. Although a number of growth factors, including the pregnancy-associated hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are secreted by trophoblasts that lie adjacent to the embryoblast in the blastocyst, it is not known whether these growth factors directly signal human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). METHODS: Here we used hESCs as a model of inner cell mass differentiation to examine the hormonal requirements for the formation of embryoid bodies (EB's; akin to blastulation) and neuroectodermal rosettes (akin to neurulation). RESULTS: We found that hCG promotes the division of hESCs and their differentiation into EB's and neuroectodermal rosettes. Inhibition of luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) signaling suppresses hESC proliferation, an effect that is reversed by treatment with hCG. hCG treatment rapidly upregulates steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-mediated cholesterol transport and the synthesis of progesterone (P(4)). hESCs express P(4 )receptor A, and treatment of hESC colonies with P(4 )induces neurulation, as demonstrated by the expression of nestin and the formation of columnar neuroectodermal cells that organize into neural tubelike rosettes. Suppression of P(4 )signaling by withdrawing P(4 )or treating with the P(4)-receptor antagonist RU-486 inhibits the differentiation of hESC colonies into EB's and rosettes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that hCG signaling via LHCGR on hESC promotes proliferation and differentiation during blastulation and neurulation. These findings suggest that trophoblastic hCG secretion and signaling to the adjacent embryoblast could be the commencement of trophic support by placental tissues in the growth and development of the human embryo. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-2983441 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-29834412010-11-17 The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes Gallego, Miguel J Porayette, Prashob Kaltcheva, Maria M Bowen, Richard L Vadakkadath Meethal, Sivan Atwood, Craig S Stem Cell Res Ther Research INTRODUCTION: The physiological signals that direct the division and differentiation of the zygote to form a blastocyst, and subsequent embryonic stem cell division and differentiation during early embryogenesis, are unknown. Although a number of growth factors, including the pregnancy-associated hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are secreted by trophoblasts that lie adjacent to the embryoblast in the blastocyst, it is not known whether these growth factors directly signal human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). METHODS: Here we used hESCs as a model of inner cell mass differentiation to examine the hormonal requirements for the formation of embryoid bodies (EB's; akin to blastulation) and neuroectodermal rosettes (akin to neurulation). RESULTS: We found that hCG promotes the division of hESCs and their differentiation into EB's and neuroectodermal rosettes. Inhibition of luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) signaling suppresses hESC proliferation, an effect that is reversed by treatment with hCG. hCG treatment rapidly upregulates steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-mediated cholesterol transport and the synthesis of progesterone (P(4)). hESCs express P(4 )receptor A, and treatment of hESC colonies with P(4 )induces neurulation, as demonstrated by the expression of nestin and the formation of columnar neuroectodermal cells that organize into neural tubelike rosettes. Suppression of P(4 )signaling by withdrawing P(4 )or treating with the P(4)-receptor antagonist RU-486 inhibits the differentiation of hESC colonies into EB's and rosettes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that hCG signaling via LHCGR on hESC promotes proliferation and differentiation during blastulation and neurulation. These findings suggest that trophoblastic hCG secretion and signaling to the adjacent embryoblast could be the commencement of trophic support by placental tissues in the growth and development of the human embryo. BioMed Central 2010-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC2983441/ /pubmed/20836886 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/scrt28 Text en Copyright ©2010 Atwood et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Gallego, Miguel J Porayette, Prashob Kaltcheva, Maria M Bowen, Richard L Vadakkadath Meethal, Sivan Atwood, Craig S The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title | The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title_full | The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title_fullStr | The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title_full_unstemmed | The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title_short | The pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
title_sort | pregnancy hormones human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone induce human embryonic stem cell proliferation and differentiation into neuroectodermal rosettes |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2983441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20836886 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/scrt28 |
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