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Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts

Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB...

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Autores principales: Nantel, Julie, Mathieu, Marie-Eve, Prince, François
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21113311
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/650230
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author Nantel, Julie
Mathieu, Marie-Eve
Prince, François
author_facet Nantel, Julie
Mathieu, Marie-Eve
Prince, François
author_sort Nantel, Julie
collection PubMed
description Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities.
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spelling pubmed-29900212010-11-26 Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts Nantel, Julie Mathieu, Marie-Eve Prince, François J Obes Review Article Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2010-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC2990021/ /pubmed/21113311 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/650230 Text en Copyright © 2011 Julie Nantel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Nantel, Julie
Mathieu, Marie-Eve
Prince, François
Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title_full Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title_fullStr Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title_full_unstemmed Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title_short Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts
title_sort physical activity and obesity: biomechanical and physiological key concepts
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21113311
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/650230
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