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Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species

A large proportion of the nitrate (NO(3) (−)) acquired by plants from soil is actively transported via members of the NRT families of NO(3) (−) transporters. In Arabidopsis, the NRT1 family has eight functionally characterised members and predominantly comprises low-affinity transporters; the NRT2 f...

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Autores principales: Plett, Darren, Toubia, John, Garnett, Trevor, Tester, Mark, Kaiser, Brent N., Baumann, Ute
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2997785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21151904
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015289
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author Plett, Darren
Toubia, John
Garnett, Trevor
Tester, Mark
Kaiser, Brent N.
Baumann, Ute
author_facet Plett, Darren
Toubia, John
Garnett, Trevor
Tester, Mark
Kaiser, Brent N.
Baumann, Ute
author_sort Plett, Darren
collection PubMed
description A large proportion of the nitrate (NO(3) (−)) acquired by plants from soil is actively transported via members of the NRT families of NO(3) (−) transporters. In Arabidopsis, the NRT1 family has eight functionally characterised members and predominantly comprises low-affinity transporters; the NRT2 family contains seven members which appear to be high-affinity transporters; and there are two NRT3 (NAR2) family members which are known to participate in high-affinity transport. A modified reciprocal best hit (RBH) approach was used to identify putative orthologues of the Arabidopsis NRT genes in the four fully sequenced grass genomes (maize, rice, sorghum, Brachypodium). We also included the poplar genome in our analysis to establish whether differences between Arabidopsis and the grasses may be generally applicable to monocots and dicots. Our analysis reveals fundamental differences between Arabidopsis and the grass species in the gene number and family structure of all three families of NRT transporters. All grass species possessed additional NRT1.1 orthologues and appear to lack NRT1.6/NRT1.7 orthologues. There is significant separation in the NRT2 phylogenetic tree between NRT2 genes from dicots and grass species. This indicates that determination of function of NRT2 genes in grass species will not be possible in cereals based simply on sequence homology to functionally characterised Arabidopsis NRT2 genes and that proper functional analysis will be required. Arabidopsis has a unique NRT3.2 gene which may be a fusion of the NRT3.1 and NRT3.2 genes present in all other species examined here. This work provides a framework for future analysis of NO(3) (−) transporters and NO(3) (−) transport in grass crop species.
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spelling pubmed-29977852010-12-10 Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species Plett, Darren Toubia, John Garnett, Trevor Tester, Mark Kaiser, Brent N. Baumann, Ute PLoS One Research Article A large proportion of the nitrate (NO(3) (−)) acquired by plants from soil is actively transported via members of the NRT families of NO(3) (−) transporters. In Arabidopsis, the NRT1 family has eight functionally characterised members and predominantly comprises low-affinity transporters; the NRT2 family contains seven members which appear to be high-affinity transporters; and there are two NRT3 (NAR2) family members which are known to participate in high-affinity transport. A modified reciprocal best hit (RBH) approach was used to identify putative orthologues of the Arabidopsis NRT genes in the four fully sequenced grass genomes (maize, rice, sorghum, Brachypodium). We also included the poplar genome in our analysis to establish whether differences between Arabidopsis and the grasses may be generally applicable to monocots and dicots. Our analysis reveals fundamental differences between Arabidopsis and the grass species in the gene number and family structure of all three families of NRT transporters. All grass species possessed additional NRT1.1 orthologues and appear to lack NRT1.6/NRT1.7 orthologues. There is significant separation in the NRT2 phylogenetic tree between NRT2 genes from dicots and grass species. This indicates that determination of function of NRT2 genes in grass species will not be possible in cereals based simply on sequence homology to functionally characterised Arabidopsis NRT2 genes and that proper functional analysis will be required. Arabidopsis has a unique NRT3.2 gene which may be a fusion of the NRT3.1 and NRT3.2 genes present in all other species examined here. This work provides a framework for future analysis of NO(3) (−) transporters and NO(3) (−) transport in grass crop species. Public Library of Science 2010-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC2997785/ /pubmed/21151904 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015289 Text en Plett et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Plett, Darren
Toubia, John
Garnett, Trevor
Tester, Mark
Kaiser, Brent N.
Baumann, Ute
Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title_full Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title_fullStr Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title_full_unstemmed Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title_short Dichotomy in the NRT Gene Families of Dicots and Grass Species
title_sort dichotomy in the nrt gene families of dicots and grass species
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2997785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21151904
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015289
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