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Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies

Past therapies for the treatment of obesity have typically involved pharmacological agents usually in combination with a calorie-controlled diet. This paper reviews the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for obesity focusing on drugs approved for long-term therapy (orlistat), drugs approved fo...

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Autores principales: Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L., Piccenna, Loretta, McNeil, John J.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21197148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/179674
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author Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L.
Piccenna, Loretta
McNeil, John J.
author_facet Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L.
Piccenna, Loretta
McNeil, John J.
author_sort Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L.
collection PubMed
description Past therapies for the treatment of obesity have typically involved pharmacological agents usually in combination with a calorie-controlled diet. This paper reviews the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for obesity focusing on drugs approved for long-term therapy (orlistat), drugs approved for short-term use (amfepramone [diethylpropion], phentermine), recently withdrawn therapies (rimonabant, sibutamine) and drugs evaluated in Phase III studies (taranabant, pramlintide, lorcaserin and tesofensine and combination therapies of topiramate plus phentermine, bupropion plus naltrexone, and bupropion plus zonisamide). No current pharmacotherapy possesses the efficacy needed to produce substantial weight loss in morbidly obese patients. Meta-analyses support a significant though modest loss in bodyweight with a mean weight difference of 4.7 kg (95% CI 4.1 to 5.3 kg) for rimonabant, 4.2 kg (95% CI 3.6 to 4.8 kg) for sibutramine and 2.9 kg (95% CI 2.5 to 3.2 kg) for orlistat compared to placebo at ≥12 months. Of the Phase III pharmacotherapies, lorcaserin, taranabant, topiramate and bupropion with naltrexone have demonstrated significant weight loss compared to placebo at ≥12 months. Some pharmacotherapies have also demonstrated clinical benefits. Further studies are required in some populations such as younger and older people whilst the long term safety continues to be a major consideration and has led to the withdrawal of several drugs.
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spelling pubmed-30064922010-12-30 Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L. Piccenna, Loretta McNeil, John J. J Obes Review Article Past therapies for the treatment of obesity have typically involved pharmacological agents usually in combination with a calorie-controlled diet. This paper reviews the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for obesity focusing on drugs approved for long-term therapy (orlistat), drugs approved for short-term use (amfepramone [diethylpropion], phentermine), recently withdrawn therapies (rimonabant, sibutamine) and drugs evaluated in Phase III studies (taranabant, pramlintide, lorcaserin and tesofensine and combination therapies of topiramate plus phentermine, bupropion plus naltrexone, and bupropion plus zonisamide). No current pharmacotherapy possesses the efficacy needed to produce substantial weight loss in morbidly obese patients. Meta-analyses support a significant though modest loss in bodyweight with a mean weight difference of 4.7 kg (95% CI 4.1 to 5.3 kg) for rimonabant, 4.2 kg (95% CI 3.6 to 4.8 kg) for sibutramine and 2.9 kg (95% CI 2.5 to 3.2 kg) for orlistat compared to placebo at ≥12 months. Of the Phase III pharmacotherapies, lorcaserin, taranabant, topiramate and bupropion with naltrexone have demonstrated significant weight loss compared to placebo at ≥12 months. Some pharmacotherapies have also demonstrated clinical benefits. Further studies are required in some populations such as younger and older people whilst the long term safety continues to be a major consideration and has led to the withdrawal of several drugs. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2010-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3006492/ /pubmed/21197148 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/179674 Text en Copyright © 2011 Lisa L. Ioannides-Demos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Ioannides-Demos, Lisa L.
Piccenna, Loretta
McNeil, John J.
Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title_full Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title_fullStr Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title_short Pharmacotherapies for Obesity: Past, Current, and Future Therapies
title_sort pharmacotherapies for obesity: past, current, and future therapies
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3006492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21197148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/179674
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