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High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently has roots in childhood, including following childhood-onset hypertension. Incidence of CVD has increased in developing countries in East Africa during recent urbanization. Effects of these shifts on childhood hypertension are unclear. Our objectives were to (1...

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Autores principales: Salman, Zeena, Kirk, Gregory D., DeBoer, Mark D.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3014717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234364
http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/629492
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author Salman, Zeena
Kirk, Gregory D.
DeBoer, Mark D.
author_facet Salman, Zeena
Kirk, Gregory D.
DeBoer, Mark D.
author_sort Salman, Zeena
collection PubMed
description Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently has roots in childhood, including following childhood-onset hypertension. Incidence of CVD has increased in developing countries in East Africa during recent urbanization. Effects of these shifts on childhood hypertension are unclear. Our objectives were to (1) Determine the prevalence of hypertension among primary schoolchildren in Khartoum, Sudan; (2) Determine whether hypertension in this setting is associated with obesity. We performed a cross sectional study of 6-12y children from two schools randomly selected in Khartoum, Sudan. Height, weight, BMI, BP and family history of hypertension were assessed. Age-, height- and gender-specific BP curves were used to determine pre-hypertension (90–95%) and hypertension (>95%). Of 304 children, 45 (14.8%) were overweight; 32 (10.5%) were obese; 15 (4.9%) were pre-hypertensive and 15 (4.9%) were hypertensive. Obesity but not family history of hypertension was associated with current hypertension. In multiple logistic regression, adjusting for family history, children who were obese had a relative-risk of 14.7 (CI 2.45-88.2) for systolic hypertension compared to normal-weight children. We conclude that overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren in urban Sudan and are strongly associated with hypertension. That obesity-associated cardiovascular sequelae exist in the developing world at young ages may be a harbinger of future CVD in sub-Saharan Africa.
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spelling pubmed-30147172011-01-13 High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan Salman, Zeena Kirk, Gregory D. DeBoer, Mark D. Int J Hypertens Research Article Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently has roots in childhood, including following childhood-onset hypertension. Incidence of CVD has increased in developing countries in East Africa during recent urbanization. Effects of these shifts on childhood hypertension are unclear. Our objectives were to (1) Determine the prevalence of hypertension among primary schoolchildren in Khartoum, Sudan; (2) Determine whether hypertension in this setting is associated with obesity. We performed a cross sectional study of 6-12y children from two schools randomly selected in Khartoum, Sudan. Height, weight, BMI, BP and family history of hypertension were assessed. Age-, height- and gender-specific BP curves were used to determine pre-hypertension (90–95%) and hypertension (>95%). Of 304 children, 45 (14.8%) were overweight; 32 (10.5%) were obese; 15 (4.9%) were pre-hypertensive and 15 (4.9%) were hypertensive. Obesity but not family history of hypertension was associated with current hypertension. In multiple logistic regression, adjusting for family history, children who were obese had a relative-risk of 14.7 (CI 2.45-88.2) for systolic hypertension compared to normal-weight children. We conclude that overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren in urban Sudan and are strongly associated with hypertension. That obesity-associated cardiovascular sequelae exist in the developing world at young ages may be a harbinger of future CVD in sub-Saharan Africa. SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research 2010-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3014717/ /pubmed/21234364 http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/629492 Text en Copyright © 2011 Zeena Salman et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Salman, Zeena
Kirk, Gregory D.
DeBoer, Mark D.
High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title_full High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title_fullStr High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title_full_unstemmed High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title_short High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan
title_sort high rate of obesity-associated hypertension among primary schoolchildren in sudan
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3014717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234364
http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/629492
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