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Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques

Oxidative stress, and in particular oxidation of lipoproteins, is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Upon entry of lipoproteins into the vessel wall, a cascade of pro-atherogenic pathways is initiated whereby the reaction of reactive oxygen species with substrates amenable to oxidation, such as polyunsa...

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Autores principales: Briley-Saebo, Karen C., Cho, Young Seok, Tsimikas, Sotirios
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Current Science Inc. 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3018294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297859
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12410-010-9060-6
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author Briley-Saebo, Karen C.
Cho, Young Seok
Tsimikas, Sotirios
author_facet Briley-Saebo, Karen C.
Cho, Young Seok
Tsimikas, Sotirios
author_sort Briley-Saebo, Karen C.
collection PubMed
description Oxidative stress, and in particular oxidation of lipoproteins, is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Upon entry of lipoproteins into the vessel wall, a cascade of pro-atherogenic pathways is initiated whereby the reaction of reactive oxygen species with substrates amenable to oxidation, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, generates a variety of oxidation-specific epitopes on lipoproteins, proteins in the vessel wall, and apoptotic macrophages. Several of these oxidation-specific epitopes have been well characterized and specific murine and fully human antibodies have been generated in our laboratory to detect them in the vessel wall. We have developed radionuclide, gadolinium and iron oxide based MRI techniques to noninvasively image oxidation-specific epitopes in atherosclerotic lesions. These approaches quantitate plaque burden and also allow detection of atherosclerosis regression and plaque stabilization. In particular, gadolinium micelles or lipid-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles containing oxidation-specific antibodies accumulate within macrophages in the artery wall, suggesting they may image the most unstable plaques. Translation of these approaches to humans may allow a sensitive technique to image and monitor high-risk atherosclerotic lesions and may guide optimal therapeutic interventions.
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spelling pubmed-30182942011-02-04 Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques Briley-Saebo, Karen C. Cho, Young Seok Tsimikas, Sotirios Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep Article Oxidative stress, and in particular oxidation of lipoproteins, is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Upon entry of lipoproteins into the vessel wall, a cascade of pro-atherogenic pathways is initiated whereby the reaction of reactive oxygen species with substrates amenable to oxidation, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, generates a variety of oxidation-specific epitopes on lipoproteins, proteins in the vessel wall, and apoptotic macrophages. Several of these oxidation-specific epitopes have been well characterized and specific murine and fully human antibodies have been generated in our laboratory to detect them in the vessel wall. We have developed radionuclide, gadolinium and iron oxide based MRI techniques to noninvasively image oxidation-specific epitopes in atherosclerotic lesions. These approaches quantitate plaque burden and also allow detection of atherosclerosis regression and plaque stabilization. In particular, gadolinium micelles or lipid-coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles containing oxidation-specific antibodies accumulate within macrophages in the artery wall, suggesting they may image the most unstable plaques. Translation of these approaches to humans may allow a sensitive technique to image and monitor high-risk atherosclerotic lesions and may guide optimal therapeutic interventions. Current Science Inc. 2010-12-01 2011 /pmc/articles/PMC3018294/ /pubmed/21297859 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12410-010-9060-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Briley-Saebo, Karen C.
Cho, Young Seok
Tsimikas, Sotirios
Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title_full Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title_fullStr Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title_full_unstemmed Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title_short Imaging of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes in Atherosclerosis and Macrophage-Rich Vulnerable Plaques
title_sort imaging of oxidation-specific epitopes in atherosclerosis and macrophage-rich vulnerable plaques
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3018294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297859
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12410-010-9060-6
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