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The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging

Disappointment, the emotion experienced when faced to reward prediction errors (RPEs), considerably impacts decision making (DM). Individuals tend to modify their behavior in an often unpredictable way just to avoid experiencing negative emotions. Despite its importance, disappointment remains much...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tzieropoulos, Hélène, de Peralta, Rolando Grave, Bossaerts, Peter, Andino, Sara L. Gonzalez
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Research Foundation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21258645
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00235
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author Tzieropoulos, Hélène
de Peralta, Rolando Grave
Bossaerts, Peter
Andino, Sara L. Gonzalez
author_facet Tzieropoulos, Hélène
de Peralta, Rolando Grave
Bossaerts, Peter
Andino, Sara L. Gonzalez
author_sort Tzieropoulos, Hélène
collection PubMed
description Disappointment, the emotion experienced when faced to reward prediction errors (RPEs), considerably impacts decision making (DM). Individuals tend to modify their behavior in an often unpredictable way just to avoid experiencing negative emotions. Despite its importance, disappointment remains much less studied than regret and its impact on upcoming decisions largely unexplored. Here, we adapted the Trust Game to effectively elicit, quantify, and isolate disappointment by relying on the formal definition provided by Bell's in economics. We evaluated the effects of experienced disappointment and elation on future cooperation and trust as well as the rationality and utility of the different behavioral and neural mechanisms used to cope with disappointment. All participants in our game trusted less and particularly expected less from unknown opponents as a result of disappointing outcomes in the previous trial but not necessarily after elation indicating that behavioral consequences of positive and negative RPEs are not the same. A large variance in the tolerance to disappointment was observed across subjects, with some participants needing only a small disappointment to impulsively bias their subsequent decisions. As revealed by high-density EEG recordings the most tolerant individuals – who thought twice before making a decision and earned more money – relied on different neural generators to contend with neutral and unexpected outcomes. This study thus provides some support to the idea that different neural systems underlie reflexive and reflective decisions within the same individuals as predicted by the dual-system theory of social judgment and DM.
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spelling pubmed-30205672011-01-21 The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging Tzieropoulos, Hélène de Peralta, Rolando Grave Bossaerts, Peter Andino, Sara L. Gonzalez Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Disappointment, the emotion experienced when faced to reward prediction errors (RPEs), considerably impacts decision making (DM). Individuals tend to modify their behavior in an often unpredictable way just to avoid experiencing negative emotions. Despite its importance, disappointment remains much less studied than regret and its impact on upcoming decisions largely unexplored. Here, we adapted the Trust Game to effectively elicit, quantify, and isolate disappointment by relying on the formal definition provided by Bell's in economics. We evaluated the effects of experienced disappointment and elation on future cooperation and trust as well as the rationality and utility of the different behavioral and neural mechanisms used to cope with disappointment. All participants in our game trusted less and particularly expected less from unknown opponents as a result of disappointing outcomes in the previous trial but not necessarily after elation indicating that behavioral consequences of positive and negative RPEs are not the same. A large variance in the tolerance to disappointment was observed across subjects, with some participants needing only a small disappointment to impulsively bias their subsequent decisions. As revealed by high-density EEG recordings the most tolerant individuals – who thought twice before making a decision and earned more money – relied on different neural generators to contend with neutral and unexpected outcomes. This study thus provides some support to the idea that different neural systems underlie reflexive and reflective decisions within the same individuals as predicted by the dual-system theory of social judgment and DM. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3020567/ /pubmed/21258645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00235 Text en Copyright © 2011 Tzieropoulos, Grave de Peralta, Bossaerts and Gonzalez Andino. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to an exclusive license agreement between the authors and the Frontiers Research Foundation, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Tzieropoulos, Hélène
de Peralta, Rolando Grave
Bossaerts, Peter
Andino, Sara L. Gonzalez
The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title_full The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title_fullStr The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title_short The Impact of Disappointment in Decision Making: Inter-Individual Differences and Electrical Neuroimaging
title_sort impact of disappointment in decision making: inter-individual differences and electrical neuroimaging
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21258645
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00235
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