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Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation
PURPOSE: Oxytocin is associated with the ability to form normal social attachments. c-Fos is an immediate early gene whose expression is used as a marker for stimulus-induced changes in neurons. The effect of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors on oxytocin activation in the brain without sexual s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Continence Society
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3021811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21253331 http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2010.14.4.213 |
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author | Shin, Mal Soon Ko, Il Gyu Sung, Yun Hee Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Bo Kyun Kim, Chang Ju Lee, Sang Won Kim, Dong Hee Chang, Joo Hyun Kim, Khae Hawn |
author_facet | Shin, Mal Soon Ko, Il Gyu Sung, Yun Hee Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Bo Kyun Kim, Chang Ju Lee, Sang Won Kim, Dong Hee Chang, Joo Hyun Kim, Khae Hawn |
author_sort | Shin, Mal Soon |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Oxytocin is associated with the ability to form normal social attachments. c-Fos is an immediate early gene whose expression is used as a marker for stimulus-induced changes in neurons. The effect of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors on oxytocin activation in the brain without sexual stimuli has not yet been reported. In the present study, we investigated the effects of vardenafil on oxytocin and c-Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of conscious rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300±10 g were divided into 6 groups (n=5 in each group): the control group, the 1-day-0.5 mg/kg, the 1-day-1 mg/kg, the 1-day-2 mg/kg, the 3-day-1 mg/kg, and the 7-day-1 mg/kg vardenafil administration group. The experiment was conducted without sexual stimulation. Vardenafil was orally administered. The animals in the control group received an equivalent amount of distilled water orally. The expression of oxytocin and c-Fos in the PVN was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Oxytocin expression in the PVN was increased by 1 day administration of 2 mg/kg vardenafil, and this effect of vardenafil appeared in a duration-dependent manner. c-Fos in the oxytocin neurons of the PVN was increased by 1 day administration of 2 mg/kg vardenafil, and this effect of vardenafil also appeared in a duration-dependent manner. These results showed that vardenafil augments the expression of oxytocin with activation of oxytocin neurons in the PVN. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that the PDE-5 inhibitor, vardenafil directly enhances oxytocin expression and also activates oxytocin neurons in the PVN, which indicates that vardenafil may exert positive effects on affiliation behavior and social interaction. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3021811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Korean Continence Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30218112011-01-20 Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation Shin, Mal Soon Ko, Il Gyu Sung, Yun Hee Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Bo Kyun Kim, Chang Ju Lee, Sang Won Kim, Dong Hee Chang, Joo Hyun Kim, Khae Hawn Int Neurourol J Original Article PURPOSE: Oxytocin is associated with the ability to form normal social attachments. c-Fos is an immediate early gene whose expression is used as a marker for stimulus-induced changes in neurons. The effect of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors on oxytocin activation in the brain without sexual stimuli has not yet been reported. In the present study, we investigated the effects of vardenafil on oxytocin and c-Fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of conscious rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300±10 g were divided into 6 groups (n=5 in each group): the control group, the 1-day-0.5 mg/kg, the 1-day-1 mg/kg, the 1-day-2 mg/kg, the 3-day-1 mg/kg, and the 7-day-1 mg/kg vardenafil administration group. The experiment was conducted without sexual stimulation. Vardenafil was orally administered. The animals in the control group received an equivalent amount of distilled water orally. The expression of oxytocin and c-Fos in the PVN was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Oxytocin expression in the PVN was increased by 1 day administration of 2 mg/kg vardenafil, and this effect of vardenafil appeared in a duration-dependent manner. c-Fos in the oxytocin neurons of the PVN was increased by 1 day administration of 2 mg/kg vardenafil, and this effect of vardenafil also appeared in a duration-dependent manner. These results showed that vardenafil augments the expression of oxytocin with activation of oxytocin neurons in the PVN. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that the PDE-5 inhibitor, vardenafil directly enhances oxytocin expression and also activates oxytocin neurons in the PVN, which indicates that vardenafil may exert positive effects on affiliation behavior and social interaction. Korean Continence Society 2010-12 2010-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3021811/ /pubmed/21253331 http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2010.14.4.213 Text en Copyright © 2010 Korean Continence Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Shin, Mal Soon Ko, Il Gyu Sung, Yun Hee Kim, Sung Eun Kim, Bo Kyun Kim, Chang Ju Lee, Sang Won Kim, Dong Hee Chang, Joo Hyun Kim, Khae Hawn Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title | Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title_full | Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title_fullStr | Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title_short | Vardenafil Enhances Oxytocin Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus without Sexual Stimulation |
title_sort | vardenafil enhances oxytocin expression in the paraventricular nucleus without sexual stimulation |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3021811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21253331 http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2010.14.4.213 |
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