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Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses

An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruse...

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Autores principales: Félix, Marie-Anne, Ashe, Alyson, Piffaretti, Joséphine, Wu, Guang, Nuez, Isabelle, Bélicard, Tony, Jiang, Yanfang, Zhao, Guoyan, Franz, Carl J., Goldstein, Leonard D., Sanroman, Mabel, Miska, Eric A., Wang, David
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21283608
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000586
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author Félix, Marie-Anne
Ashe, Alyson
Piffaretti, Joséphine
Wu, Guang
Nuez, Isabelle
Bélicard, Tony
Jiang, Yanfang
Zhao, Guoyan
Franz, Carl J.
Goldstein, Leonard D.
Sanroman, Mabel
Miska, Eric A.
Wang, David
author_facet Félix, Marie-Anne
Ashe, Alyson
Piffaretti, Joséphine
Wu, Guang
Nuez, Isabelle
Bélicard, Tony
Jiang, Yanfang
Zhao, Guoyan
Franz, Carl J.
Goldstein, Leonard D.
Sanroman, Mabel
Miska, Eric A.
Wang, David
author_sort Félix, Marie-Anne
collection PubMed
description An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-30267602011-01-31 Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses Félix, Marie-Anne Ashe, Alyson Piffaretti, Joséphine Wu, Guang Nuez, Isabelle Bélicard, Tony Jiang, Yanfang Zhao, Guoyan Franz, Carl J. Goldstein, Leonard D. Sanroman, Mabel Miska, Eric A. Wang, David PLoS Biol Research Article An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms. Public Library of Science 2011-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3026760/ /pubmed/21283608 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000586 Text en Félix et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Félix, Marie-Anne
Ashe, Alyson
Piffaretti, Joséphine
Wu, Guang
Nuez, Isabelle
Bélicard, Tony
Jiang, Yanfang
Zhao, Guoyan
Franz, Carl J.
Goldstein, Leonard D.
Sanroman, Mabel
Miska, Eric A.
Wang, David
Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title_full Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title_fullStr Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title_full_unstemmed Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title_short Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses
title_sort natural and experimental infection of caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21283608
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000586
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