Cargando…
Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND: Results from genetic epidemiological studies suggest that raised serum homocysteine is a cause of ischaemic heart disease, but the results of randomised trials suggest otherwise. We aimed to update meta-analyses on each type of study using the latest published data and test a hypothesis...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2011
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21311765 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016473 |
_version_ | 1782197505895694336 |
---|---|
author | Wald, David S. Morris, Joan K. Wald, Nicholas J. |
author_facet | Wald, David S. Morris, Joan K. Wald, Nicholas J. |
author_sort | Wald, David S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Results from genetic epidemiological studies suggest that raised serum homocysteine is a cause of ischaemic heart disease, but the results of randomised trials suggest otherwise. We aimed to update meta-analyses on each type of study using the latest published data and test a hypothesis based on antiplatelet therapy use in the trials to explain the discrepancy. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Meta-analyses of ischaemic heart disease using (i) 75 studies in which the prevalence of a mutation (C[Image: see text]T) in the MTHFR gene (which increases homocysteine) was determined in cases (22,068) and controls (23,618), and (ii) 14 randomised trials (39,597 participants) of homocysteine lowering and ischaemic heart disease events. The summary estimates from the two analyses were compared. Meta-analysis of the MTHFR studies showed a statistically significantly increased risk of ischaemic heart disease in TT compared with CC homozygotes; odds ratio 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) for a 1.9 µmol/L homocysteine difference (TT minus CC). Meta-analysis of randomised trials showed no significant reduction in IHD risk from folic acid; relative risk 1.00 (0.93 to 1.08), despite a reduction in homocysteine of 3.3 µmol/L. There was a statistically significant difference in risk reduction between the 5 trials with the lowest prevalence of antiplatelet therapy (60% on average, usually aspirin), RR 0.93 (0.84 to 1.05) and the 5 trials with the highest prevalence (91% on average), RR 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19), p = 0.037 for the difference. CONCLUSION: Discordant results from MTHFR studies and randomised trials could be explained by aspirin reducing or negating the anti-platelet effect of lowering homocysteine. On this basis, folic acid would have a role in the primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease, when aspirin is not taken routinely, but not in secondary prevention, when it is routine. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3032783 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30327832011-02-10 Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis Wald, David S. Morris, Joan K. Wald, Nicholas J. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Results from genetic epidemiological studies suggest that raised serum homocysteine is a cause of ischaemic heart disease, but the results of randomised trials suggest otherwise. We aimed to update meta-analyses on each type of study using the latest published data and test a hypothesis based on antiplatelet therapy use in the trials to explain the discrepancy. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Meta-analyses of ischaemic heart disease using (i) 75 studies in which the prevalence of a mutation (C[Image: see text]T) in the MTHFR gene (which increases homocysteine) was determined in cases (22,068) and controls (23,618), and (ii) 14 randomised trials (39,597 participants) of homocysteine lowering and ischaemic heart disease events. The summary estimates from the two analyses were compared. Meta-analysis of the MTHFR studies showed a statistically significantly increased risk of ischaemic heart disease in TT compared with CC homozygotes; odds ratio 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) for a 1.9 µmol/L homocysteine difference (TT minus CC). Meta-analysis of randomised trials showed no significant reduction in IHD risk from folic acid; relative risk 1.00 (0.93 to 1.08), despite a reduction in homocysteine of 3.3 µmol/L. There was a statistically significant difference in risk reduction between the 5 trials with the lowest prevalence of antiplatelet therapy (60% on average, usually aspirin), RR 0.93 (0.84 to 1.05) and the 5 trials with the highest prevalence (91% on average), RR 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19), p = 0.037 for the difference. CONCLUSION: Discordant results from MTHFR studies and randomised trials could be explained by aspirin reducing or negating the anti-platelet effect of lowering homocysteine. On this basis, folic acid would have a role in the primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease, when aspirin is not taken routinely, but not in secondary prevention, when it is routine. Public Library of Science 2011-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC3032783/ /pubmed/21311765 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016473 Text en Wald et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wald, David S. Morris, Joan K. Wald, Nicholas J. Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title | Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title_full | Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr | Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title_short | Reconciling the Evidence on Serum Homocysteine and Ischaemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis |
title_sort | reconciling the evidence on serum homocysteine and ischaemic heart disease: a meta-analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3032783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21311765 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016473 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT walddavids reconcilingtheevidenceonserumhomocysteineandischaemicheartdiseaseametaanalysis AT morrisjoank reconcilingtheevidenceonserumhomocysteineandischaemicheartdiseaseametaanalysis AT waldnicholasj reconcilingtheevidenceonserumhomocysteineandischaemicheartdiseaseametaanalysis |