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High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen
BACKGROUND: The rumen harbors a complex microbial ecosystem for efficient hydrolysis of plant polysaccharides which are the main constituent of the diet. Xylanase is crucial for hemicellulose hydrolysis and plays an important role in the plant cell wall degradation. Xylanases of ruminal strains were...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304822 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016731 |
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author | Wang, Guozeng Luo, Huiying Meng, Kun Wang, Yaru Huang, Huoqing Shi, Pengjun Pan, Xia Yang, Peilong Diao, Qiyu Zhang, Hongfu Yao, Bin |
author_facet | Wang, Guozeng Luo, Huiying Meng, Kun Wang, Yaru Huang, Huoqing Shi, Pengjun Pan, Xia Yang, Peilong Diao, Qiyu Zhang, Hongfu Yao, Bin |
author_sort | Wang, Guozeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The rumen harbors a complex microbial ecosystem for efficient hydrolysis of plant polysaccharides which are the main constituent of the diet. Xylanase is crucial for hemicellulose hydrolysis and plays an important role in the plant cell wall degradation. Xylanases of ruminal strains were widely studied, but few studies have focused on their diversity in rumen microenvironment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We explored the genetic diversity of xylanases belonging to two major glycosyl hydrolase families (GH 10 and 11) in goat rumen contents by analyzing the amplicons generated with two degenerate primer sets. Fifty-two distinct GH 10 and 35 GH 11 xylanase gene fragments (similarity <95%) were retrieved, and most had low identities with known sequences. Based on phylogenetic analysis, all GH 10 xylanase sequences fell into seven clusters, and 88.5% of them were related to xylanases from Bacteroidetes. Five clusters of GH 11 xylanase sequences were identified. Of these, 85.7% were related to xylanases from Firmicutes, and 14.3% were related to those of rumen fungi. Two full-length xylanase genes (one for each family) were directly cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Both the recombinant enzymes showed substantial xylanase activity, and were purified and characterized. Combined with the results of sheep rumen, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are the two major phyla of xylan-degrading microorganisms in rumen, which is distinct from the representatives of other environments such as soil and termite hindgut, suggesting that xylan-degrading microorganisms are environment specific. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The numerous new xylanase genes suggested the functional diversity of xylanase in the rumen microenvironment which may have great potential applications in industry and agriculture. The phylogenetic diversity and different distributions of xylanase genes will help us understand their roles in plant cell wall degradation in the rumen microenvironment. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3033422 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30334222011-02-08 High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen Wang, Guozeng Luo, Huiying Meng, Kun Wang, Yaru Huang, Huoqing Shi, Pengjun Pan, Xia Yang, Peilong Diao, Qiyu Zhang, Hongfu Yao, Bin PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The rumen harbors a complex microbial ecosystem for efficient hydrolysis of plant polysaccharides which are the main constituent of the diet. Xylanase is crucial for hemicellulose hydrolysis and plays an important role in the plant cell wall degradation. Xylanases of ruminal strains were widely studied, but few studies have focused on their diversity in rumen microenvironment. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We explored the genetic diversity of xylanases belonging to two major glycosyl hydrolase families (GH 10 and 11) in goat rumen contents by analyzing the amplicons generated with two degenerate primer sets. Fifty-two distinct GH 10 and 35 GH 11 xylanase gene fragments (similarity <95%) were retrieved, and most had low identities with known sequences. Based on phylogenetic analysis, all GH 10 xylanase sequences fell into seven clusters, and 88.5% of them were related to xylanases from Bacteroidetes. Five clusters of GH 11 xylanase sequences were identified. Of these, 85.7% were related to xylanases from Firmicutes, and 14.3% were related to those of rumen fungi. Two full-length xylanase genes (one for each family) were directly cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Both the recombinant enzymes showed substantial xylanase activity, and were purified and characterized. Combined with the results of sheep rumen, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are the two major phyla of xylan-degrading microorganisms in rumen, which is distinct from the representatives of other environments such as soil and termite hindgut, suggesting that xylan-degrading microorganisms are environment specific. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The numerous new xylanase genes suggested the functional diversity of xylanase in the rumen microenvironment which may have great potential applications in industry and agriculture. The phylogenetic diversity and different distributions of xylanase genes will help us understand their roles in plant cell wall degradation in the rumen microenvironment. Public Library of Science 2011-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3033422/ /pubmed/21304822 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016731 Text en Wang et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wang, Guozeng Luo, Huiying Meng, Kun Wang, Yaru Huang, Huoqing Shi, Pengjun Pan, Xia Yang, Peilong Diao, Qiyu Zhang, Hongfu Yao, Bin High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title | High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title_full | High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title_fullStr | High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title_full_unstemmed | High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title_short | High Genetic Diversity and Different Distributions of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10 and 11 Xylanases in the Goat Rumen |
title_sort | high genetic diversity and different distributions of glycosyl hydrolase family 10 and 11 xylanases in the goat rumen |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21304822 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016731 |
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